Australia
英 [ɒ'streɪlɪə]
美 [ɔ'streljə]
英語の語源
- Australia
- from Latin Terra Australis (16c.), from australis "southern" + -ia. A hypothetical southern continent, known as terra australis incognita, had been proposed since 2c. Dutch explorers called the newfound continent New Holland; the current name was suggested 1814 by Matthew Flinders as an improvement over Terra Australis "as being more agreeable to the ear, and an assimilation to the name of the other great portions of the earth" ["Voyage to Terra Australis"]. In 1817 Gov. Lachlan Macquarie, having read Flinders' suggestion, began using it in official correspondence. The ultimate source is Latin auster "south wind," hence, "the south country."
The Latin sense shift in australis, if it is indeed the same word other Indo-European languages use for east (see aurora), for which Latin uses oriens (see orient), perhaps is based on a false assumption about the orientation of the Italian peninsula, "with shift through 'southeast' explained by the diagonal position of the axis of Italy" [Buck]; see Walde, Alois, "Lateinisches etymologisches W?rterbuch," 3rd. ed., vol. 1, p.87; Ernout, Alfred, and Meillet, Alfred, "Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine," 2nd. ed., p.94. Or perhaps the connection is more ancient, and from PIE root *aus- "to shine," source of aurora, which also produces words for "burning," with reference to the "hot" south wind that blows into Italy. Thus auster "(hot) south wind," metaphorically extended to "south."
例文
- 1. Australia 's rugby union side enjoyed a record-breaking win over France.
- オーストラリアのラグビー連盟チームがフランスチームに記録的に勝った。
- 2.I 'vebeen dragged back from Australia for no sufficient reason.
- 十分な理由がなく、オーストラリアから無理やり呼び戻されました。
- 3. Australia ，put in to bat，made a cautious start.
- オーストラリアチームの番になってバッティングをすると、彼らは慎重に打ち始めた。
- 4.He decided to do something about reforesting man-made wastern Australia .
- 彼はオーストラリア西部で人為的に荒廃した土地を再造林するために何かをすることにした。
- 5.Blake emigrated to Australia with his family at 13.
- ブラックは13歳の時に家族とともにオーストラリアに移民した。