Saxon

• n. サクソン人
• adj.サクソン人

Saxon, サクソン語, 原語ゲルマン語*Sahsa, 石, 石器, ナイフ, PIE*sek, 切る, 鋸, セグメントと語源的に同じ.語源的進化の比較 Frank, フランク語, 原義は槍。

Saxon (n.)

c. 1200, from Late Latin Saxonem (nominative Saxo; also source of French Saxon, Spanish Sajon, Italian Sassone), usually found in plural Saxones, from a Germanic source (Old English Seaxe, Old High German Sahsun, German Sachse "Saxon"), with a possible literal sense of "swordsmen" (compare Old English seax, Old Frisian, Old Norse sax "knife, short sword, dagger," Old High German Saxnot, name of a war-god), from Proto-Germanic *sahsam "knife," from PIE *sek- "to cut" (see section (n.)).

The word figures in the well-known story, related by Geoffrey of Monmouth, who got it from Nennius, of the treacherous slaughter by the Anglo-Saxons of their British hosts:

Accordingly they all met at the time and place appointed, and began to treat of peace; and when a fit opportunity offered for executing his villany, Hengist cried out, "Nemet oure Saxas," and the same instant seized Vortigern, and held him by his cloak. The Saxons, upon the signal given, drew their daggers, and falling upon the princes, who little suspected any such design, assassinated them to the number of four hundred and sixty barons and consuls ....

The OED editors helpfully point out that the correct Old English (with an uninflected plural) would be nimae eowre seax. For other Germanic national names that may have derived from characteristic tribal weapons, see Frank, Lombard. As an adjective from 1560s. Still in 20c. used by Celtic speakers to mean "an Englishman" (Welsh Sais, plural Seison "an Englishman;" Seisoneg "English").

In reference to the modern German state of Saxony (German Sachsen, French Saxe) it is attested from 1630s. Saxon is the source of the -sex in Essex, Sussex, etc. (compare Middlesex, from Old English Middel-Seaxe "Middle Saxons"). Bede distinguished the Anglo-Saxons, who conquered much of southern Britain, from the Ealdesaxe "Old Saxons," who stayed in Germany.

1. These Severn Valley woods have been exploited for timber since Saxon times.

は、サクソン時代からサクセスの谷のこれらの林を伐採して木材を取得してきた。

2.Ex-cavations have revealed Roman and Anglo- Saxon remains in the area.

掘削作業は、この地域にローマとアングロ?サクソン時代の遺跡があることを示している。

3.Debilly had no Anglo- Saxon shyness about discusing money.

お金の話をしているとき、デビリは英国的な恥ずかしさはありませんでした。

4.Aisles were added to the original Saxon building in the Norman period.

ノルマン時代には、元のザクセン風の建物が廊下を増やしていた。

5.Anglo- Saxon is the forerunner of modern English.

アングロサクソン語は現代英語の先駆者である。