Tory: [17] The term tory originally denoted an Irish guerrilla, one of a group of Irishmen who in the 1640s were thrown off their property by the British and took to a life of harrying and plundering the British occupiers (it is an anglicization of Irish *tóraighe ‘pursuer’, which was derived from tóir ‘pursue’). In the 1670s it was applied as a term of abuse to Irish Catholic royalists, and then more generally to supporters of the Catholic James II, and after 1689 it came to be used for the members of the British political party that had at first opposed the removal of James and his replacement with the Protestant William and Mary.
Tory (n.)
1566, "an outlaw," specifically "one of a class of Irish robbers noted for outrages and savage cruelty," from Irish toruighe "plunderer," originally "pursuer, searcher," from Old Irish toirighim "I pursue," from toir "pursuit," from Celtic *to-wo-ret- "a running up to," from PIE root *ret- "to run, roll" (see rotary).
About 1646, it emerged as a derogatory term for Irish Catholics dispossessed of their land (some of whom subsequently turned to outlawry); c. 1680 applied by Exclusioners to supporters of the Catholic Duke of York (later James II) in his succession to the throne of England. After 1689, Tory was the name of a British political party at first composed of Yorkist Tories of 1680. Superseded c. 1830 by Conservative, though it continues to be used colloquially. In American history, Tory was the name given after 1769 to colonists who remained loyal to George III of England; it represents their relative position in the pre-revolutionary English political order in the colonies. As an adjective from 1680s.
例文
1. The country had confounded the pundits by electing a fourth-term Tory government.
同国国民がトーリー党を4回連続で選出して政権を執っていることに専門家たちは困惑している。
2. Tory -bashing or Labour-bashing will not be enough to shift bored,suspicious voters.
保守党や労働党を攻撃することは、飽き飽きし、懐疑的な有権者の態度を変えるには十分ではない。
3.Shopkeepers would once have been pillars of the Tory establishment.
商店主は一時、保守党統治グループの重要な柱になるはずだった。
4.Worst-hit areas were Tory heartlands in London and the South-East.
最も影響を受けているのはロンドンおよび英国南東部の保守党の中核勢力地域である。
5.She rose up the Tory hierarchy by the local government route.