Whig

• n. (英)ホイッグ; (米)共和党員
• adj.ホイッグ党の; ホイッグ党を支持する

もともとは馬乗り、こびとという意味で、おそらく鞭を振るう音のオノマトペに由来し、のちにライバルたちが党のニックネームとして使用した。

Whig

Whig: [17] Whig appears to be short for the now obsolete Scottish term whiggamaire. This presumably originally meant ‘horse-driver’ (it is assumed to have been formed from the Scottish verb whig ‘drive’, whose origins are not known, and maire, a Scottish form of mare ‘female horse’), but its earliest recorded application was to Presbyterian supporters in Scotland. It was later adopted as a name for those who opposed the succession of the Catholic James II, and by 1689 it had established itself as the title of one of the two main British political parties, opposed to the Tories.

Whig

British political party, 1657, in part perhaps a disparaging use of whigg "a country bumpkin" (1640s); but mainly a shortened form of Whiggamore (1649) "one of the adherents of the Presbyterian cause in western Scotland who marched on Edinburgh in 1648 to oppose Charles I." Perhaps originally "a horse drover," from dialectal verb whig "to urge forward" + mare. In 1689 the name was first used in reference to members of the British political party that opposed the Tories. American Revolution sense of "colonist who opposes Crown policies" is from 1768. Later it was applied to opponents of Andrew Jackson (as early as 1825), and taken as the name of a political party (1834) that merged into the Republican Party in 1854-56.

[I]n the spring of 1834 Jackson's opponents adopted the name Whig, traditional term for critics of executive usurpations. James Watson Webb, editor of the New York Courier and Enquirer, encouraged use of the name. [Henry] Clay gave it national currency in a speech on April 14, 1834, likening "the whigs of the present day" to those who had resisted George III, and by summer it was official. [Daniel Walker Howe, "What Hath God Wrought," 2007, p.390]

Whig historian is recorded from 1924. Whig history is "the tendency in many historians ... to emphasise certain principles of progress in the past and to produce a story which is the ratification if not the glorification of the present." [Herbert Butterfield, "The Whig Interpretation of History," 1931]

1. It was a strange conjunction-the prim serious young Queen and the elderly，cynical Whing .

それは奇抜な組み合わせである——古風で厳粛な若い女王と、年を取って不遜な維新の党のメンバーが組み合わされている。

2.I never yet could ascertain properly whether you are a Whig or a Troy.

今でもあなたが輝格党人なのかトーリー党人なのかわからない。

3.It absorbed most of the dissenters from the dying Whig Party.

瀕死のグローガー党から離脱した大部分の人を吸収した。

4.As expected,Clay was chosen as the Whig Party 's candidate for president.

案の定、クレイは輝格党の大統領候補に選ばれたが、ファン?ブレンには意外なことがあった。

5.He began by pouring ridicule on the whig leader.

彼はまず保守党の指導者を痛烈に皮肉った。