abandon
英 [ə'bænd(ə)n]
美 [ə'bændən]
語源
古フランス語のà bandonの語源で、à (at, to) + bandon (power, jurisdiction)からなり、文字どおり「......の管轄下に置く」という意味で、権利や独立、義務の放棄を表すときによく使われる。フランス語のバンドン（権力）は、自分の権利、独立、義務の放棄を表すのに使われる。フランス語のbandon（権力）は英語のban（禁止）に関連しており、もともとは封建領主が領地を管轄し、人々に何かを要求したり禁止したりする布告を出すことができることを意味していた。類義語：禁止、追放、盗賊、禁制品、禁止令。
英語の語源
- abandon
- abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘abandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
=> banns, contraband - abandon (v.)
- late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.).
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning. - abandon (n.)
- "a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.
例文
- 1. The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
- 乗組員全員が秩序正しく船を捨てようとしている。
- 2.The market might abandon the stock，and knock down its price.
- 市場はその株を売り、株価を下落させる可能性がある。
- 3.The scheme 's investors，fearful of bankruptcy，decided to abandon the project.
- 倒産の恐れがあるため、同計画の投資家はこのプロジェクトを放棄することにした。
- 4.Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of finacial constraints.
- 彼らが今回の旅行を放棄することにしたのは、財力が限られているからだ。
- 5. Abandon hope all ye who enter here.
- 汝らがここに入るには、希望を捨てなければならない。
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