affect

• 影響を与える；感染させる；動かす；見せかける
• vi. 傾向；好意
• n. 感情；感情を引き起こす要因

接頭辞af-はad-と同じ「行く」。語根のffectはfactの「～する」と同じ。この語根は、1.見せびらかす、ふりをする、2.心から行う、感動させる、影響を与える、という2つの正反対の意味を派生させる。

affect

affect: There are two distinct verbs affect in English: ‘simulate insincerely’ [15] and ‘have an effect on’ [17]; but both come ultimately from the same source, Latin afficere. Of compound origin, from the prefix ad- ‘to’ and facere ‘do’, this had a wide range of meanings. One set, in reflexive use, was ‘apply oneself to something’, and a new verb, affectāre, was formed from its past participle affectus, meaning ‘aspire or pretend to have’.

Either directly or via French affecter, this was borrowed into English, and is now most commonly encountered in the past participle adjective affected and the derived noun affectation. Another meaning of afficere was ‘influence’, and this first entered English in the 13th century by way of its derived noun affectiō, meaning ‘a particular, usually unfavourable disposition’ – hence affection.

The verb itself was a much later borrowing, again either through French or directly from the Latin past participle affectus.
=> fact

affect (n.)

late 14c., "mental state," from Latin noun use of affectus "furnished, supplied, endowed," figuratively "disposed, constituted, inclined," past participle of afficere "to do; treat, use, manage, handle; act on; have influence on, do something to," a verb of broad meaning, from ad- "to" (see ad-) + facere (past participle factus) "to make, do" (see factitious). Perhaps obsolete except in psychology. Related: Affects.

affect (v.2)

"to make a pretense of," 1660s, earlier "to assume the character of (someone)," 1590s; originally in English "to aim at, aspire to, desire" (early 15c.), from Middle French affecter (15c.), from Latin affectare "to strive after, aim at," frequentative of afficere (past participle affectus) "to do something to, act on" (see affect (n.)). Related: Affected; affecting.

affect (v.1)

"to make an impression on," 1630s; earlier "to attack" (c. 1600), "act upon, infect" (early 15c.), from affect (n.). Related: Affected; affecting.

1. Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and mental health.

住宅条件が悪く、家庭ストレスが心身両面の健康に影響を与える。

2.Scientists call this the "it won 't affect me "syndrome.

科学者はこの現象を「私はどうでもいい」という典型的な表現と呼んでいる。

3.Price changes must not adversely affect the living standards of the people.

物価の変化は人々の生活水準にマイナスの影響を与えてはならない。

4.They will affect generations of Britons still unborn.

彼らは、まだ世に出ていない何世代ものイギリス人に影響を与えるだろう。

5.It doesn 't affect my judgement one jot.

これは私の判断には少しも影響しません。