amethyst

• n.アメジスト; [宝]アメジスト; 紫色

接頭辞a-は、methyst、ワイン、語源的にはmead、酒と同じ。古代では、この石は酔いから身を守るために身につけられたと言われている。

ギリシア語の接頭辞a-は否定を表す子音の前、methys-はワインを表す語源で、ゲルマン語のmead [mi?d] n.ミードと同義。アメシストは水の精で、ワインの神ディオニュソスのしつこさに耐えかねて、月と狩りの女神アルテミスに頼ったところ、アルテミスは彼女を宝石に変え、ディオニュソスはしぶしぶ紫（赤ワインの色）に変えた。(赤ワインの色）。アメジストは古代人にアルコールの解毒剤と信じられていた。

amethyst

amethyst: [13] The amethyst gets its name from a supposition in the ancient world that it was capable of preventing drunkenness. The Greek word for ‘intoxicate’ was methúskein, which was based ultimately on the noun methú ‘wine’ (source of English methyl, and related to English mead). The addition of the negative prefix a- ‘not’ produced the adjective améthustos, used in the phrase líthos améthustos ‘anti-intoxicant stone’. This was borrowed as a noun into Latin (amethystus), and ultimately into Old French as ametiste. English took it over and in the 16th century re-introduced the -th- spelling of the Latin word.
=> mead, methyl

amethyst (n.)

violet quartz, late 13c., ametist, from Old French ametiste (Modern French améthyste) and directly from Medieval Latin amatistus, from Latin amethystus, from Greek amethystos "amethyst," literally "not intoxicating," from a- "not" + methyskein "make drunk," from methys "wine" (see mead (n.1)); based on the stone's ancient reputation for preventing drunkenness, which was perhaps sympathetic magic suggested by its wine-like color. People wore rings made of it before drinking. Spelling restored from Middle English ametist.

1. Amethyst was believed by the Greeks to protect a person from drunkenness.

ギリシャ人は紫水晶が人の酔っ払いを防ぐことができると考えている。

2.She pinned a large amethyst brooch to her lapel.

彼女は襟をめくる上に大きな紫水晶の針をつけた。

3.On display are earrings，necklaces and bracelets made from jade，amber and amethyst .

で展示されている有用な玉、琥珀、紫水晶で作られたイヤリング、ネックレス、ブレスレット。

4.Most of it is a variety of amethyst ：that heat turned brown.

ほとんどの石英は紫水晶で、高温で茶色になる。

5.Research results on growth of amethyst crystal by hydrothermal method are presented.

水熱法による人工紫色水晶成長研究の結果を報告した。