bear

• 実を結ぶ
• vt.産む；持つ；支える
• n. ベア
• n.（ベア）人名；（英）Bell.

1.熊、PIE *bher(1)から、産む、もたらす、産ませる、bringと同じ。

2. bearはPIE *bher(2)、明るい、茶色から。褐色の熊。

黒海とカスピ海北岸の間に起源を持つインド?ヨーロッパ人は、ホッキョクグマやツキノワグマではなく、「茶色」のクマを見ていた。この言葉は、brown n. 茶色、beaver [ 'bi?v?] n. ビーバー；ビーバーの毛皮に関連している。ラテン語はこれらの概念を借用し、褐色の髪や褐色の肌（白い肌より黒い）を持つ女性をブルネット[bru??]n.と呼んだ。

bear

bear: [OE] The two English words bear ‘carry’ and bear the animal come from completely different sources. The verb, Old English beran, goes back via Germanic *ber- to Indo-European *bher-, which already contained the two central meaning elements that have remained with its offspring ever since, ‘carry’ and ‘give birth’. It is the source of a very large number of words in the Indo-European languages, including both Germanic (German geb?ren ‘give birth’, Swedish b?rd ‘birth’) and non-Germanic (Latin ferre and Greek phérein ‘bear’, source of English fertile and amphora [17], and Russian brat ‘seize’).

And a very large number of other English words are related to it: on the ‘carrying’ side, barrow, berth, bier, burden, and possibly brim; and on the ‘giving birth’ side, birth itself and bairn ‘child’ [16]. Borne and born come from boren, the Old English past participle of bear; the distinction in usage between the two (borne for ‘carried’, born for ‘given birth’) arose in the early 17th century.

Etymologically, the bear is a ‘brown animal’. Old English bera came from West Germanic *bero (whence also German b?r and Dutch beer), which may in turn go back to Indo- European *bheros, related to English brown. The poetic name for the bear, bruin [17], follows the same semantic pattern (it comes from Dutch bruin ‘brown’), and beaver means etymologically ‘brown animal’ too.
=> amphora, bairn, barrow, berth, bier, born, burden, fertile, fortune, paraphernalia, suffer; brown

bear (v.)

Old English beran "to bear, bring; bring forth, produce; to endure, sustain; to wear" (class IV strong verb; past tense b?r, past participle boren), from Proto-Germanic *beran (cognates: Old Saxon beran, Old Frisian bera, Old High German beran, German geb?ren, Old Norse bera, Gothic bairan "to carry, bear, give birth to"), from PIE root *bher- (1) meaning both "give birth" (though only English and German strongly retain this sense, and Russian has beremennaya "pregnant") and "carry a burden, bring" (see infer).

Ball bearings "bear" the friction. Many senses are from notion of "move onward by pressure." Old English past tense b?r became Middle English bare; alternative bore began to appear c. 1400, but bare remained the literary form till after 1600. Past participle distinction of borne for "carried" and born for "given birth" is from late 18c. To bear (something) in mind is from 1530s.

bear (n.)

Old English bera "bear," from Proto-Germanic *beron, literally "the brown (one)" (cognates: Old Norse bj?rn, Middle Dutch bere, Dutch beer, Old High German bero, German B?r), from PIE *bher- (3) "bright, brown" (see brown (adj.)).

Greek arktos and Latin ursus retain the PIE root word for "bear" (*rtko; see Arctic), but it is believed to have been ritually replaced in the northern branches because of hunters' taboo on names of wild animals (compare the Irish equivalent "the good calf," Welsh "honey-pig," Lithuanian "the licker," Russian medved "honey-eater"). Others connect the Germanic word with Latin ferus "wild," as if it meant "the wild animal (par excellence) of the northern woods."

Symbolic of Russia since 1794. Used of uncouth persons since 1570s. Stock market meaning "speculator for a fall" is 1709 shortening of bearskin jobber (from the proverb sell the bearskin before one has caught the bear); i.e. "one who sells stock for future delivery, expecting that meanwhile prices will fall." Paired with bull from c. 1720. Bear claw as a type of large pastry is from 1942, originally chiefly western U.S.

1. Eleanor 's work among the women will，I trust， bear fruit.

エレノアの仕事は女性に効果があると信じています。

2.The developing countries bear the burden of an enormous external debt.

途上国は巨額の外債を抱えている。

3.I can 't bear people who make judgements and label me.

私は人々が私のことをあれこれ論じるのが嫌いです。

4.I couldn 't bear to see my reflection in the mirror.

鏡の中の自分の姿を見るのに忍びない。

5.The bear exposed its teeth in a muffled growl.

その熊は歯をむき出しにして、低い声で叫んだ。