bishop

• n. ビショップ
• ゾウ

ラテン語のepiscopusから。接頭辞epi-、on...。根元のscopeに、spectで、p,cの文字の置換を見る。宗教の監督者、監督者。

bishop

bishop: [OE] Bishop originally had no ecclesiastical connections; its Greek source, episkopos, at first meant simply ‘overseer’, from epi- ‘around’ and skopein ‘look’ (antecedent of English scope, and related to spy). From the general sense, it came to be applied as the term for various government officials, and was waiting to be called into service for a ‘church officer’ as Christianity came into being and grew. The Greek word was borrowed into ecclesiastical Latin as episcopus (source of French évêque), and in more popular parlance lost its e-, giving *biscopus, which was acquired by English in the 9th century.
=> scope, spy

bishop (n.)

Old English bisceop "bishop, high priest (Jewish or pagan)," from Late Latin episcopus, from Greek episkopos "watcher, overseer," a title for various government officials, later taken over in a Church sense, from epi- "over" (see epi-) + skopos "one that watches, one that looks after; a guardian, protector" (see scope (n.1)). Given a specific sense in the Church, but the word also was used in the New Testament as a descriptive title for elders, and continues as such in some non-hierarchical Christian sects.

A curious example of word-change, as effected by the genius of different tongues, is furnished by the English bishop and the French évêque. Both are from the same root, furnishing, perhaps the only example of two words from a common stem so modifying themselves in historical times as not to have a letter in common. (Of course many words from a far off Aryan stem are in the same condition.) The English strikes off the initial and terminal syllables, leaving only piscop, which the Saxon preference for the softer labial and hissing sounds modified into bishop. évêque (formerly evesque) merely softens the p into v and drops the last syllable. [William S. Walsh, "Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities," Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1892]

Late Latin episcopus in Spanish became obispo. Cognate with Old Saxon biscop, Old High German biscof. The chess piece (formerly archer, before that alfin) was so called from 1560s.

1. Bishop Daly said he was devastated by news of the Cardinal 's death.

デリー司教は、枢機卿の死去を聞いて驚きと悲しみを感じたと述べた。dd>

2.I 've heard a whisper that the Bishop intends to leave.

司教が去ろうとしているという噂を聞いた。

3.A new Catholic bishop was installed in Galway yesterday.

昨日ゴールウェイで新しいカトリック司教を任命した。

4.The Bishop directed the faithful to stay at home.

司教は信者たちに家にいるように要求した。

5.The Bishop said he was sickened by the severity of the sentence.

司教はこの重さの量刑に大いに驚いたと述べた。