bivouac

• n. キャンプ場
• vi.
• vt.キャンプをする；キャンプの準備をする
• n. （ビバーク）人名；（仏）ビバーク

フランス語。接頭辞bi-、ii.-vouac、語源的にはwatchと同じ。交代で見張りをするという意味。

bivouac

bivouac: [18] Bivouac appears to be of Swiss- German origin. The early 19th-century writer Stalder noted that the term beiwacht (bei ‘additional’ + wacht ‘guard’ – a relative of English watch and wake) was used in Aargau and Zürich for a sort of band of vigilantes who assisted the regular town guard. Beiwacht was borrowed into French as bivac, and came to English in a later form bivouac.

Its original application in English was to an army remaining on the alert during the night, to guard against surprise attack; in so doing, of course, the soldiers did not go to sleep in their tents, and from this the term bivouac spread to ‘improvised, temporary camp’, without the luxury of regular tents.
=> wake, watch

bivouac (n.)

1702, from French bivouac (17c.), ultimately from Swiss/Alsatian biwacht "night guard," from bei- "double, additional" + wacht "guard" (see wait (v.)). Original meaning was an army that stayed up on night watch; sense of "outdoor camp" is 1853. Not a common word in English before the Napoleonic Wars. Italian bivacco is from French. As a verb, 1809, "to post troops in the night;" meaning "camp out of doors" is from 1814.

1. The company was supposed to bivouac overnight and then return to the post the next day.

この日続けて野外キャンプを行い、翌日駐屯地に戻る予定だ。

2.While in bivouac ，we spent the night in our sleeping bags under the stars.

仮設宿営地では、星を頭の上に上げて、寝袋に横になって夜を明かした。

3.In the world 's broad field of battle，In the bivouac of Life.

この人生の宿営地で、この広い世界の戦場で。

4.There is a semi-circular bivouac tent on the grass.

芝生の上に半円形のキャンプテントがある。

5.In the bivouac of life.

人生の旅における野宿帳。