body: [OE] For a word so central to people’s perception of themselves, body is remarkably isolated linguistically. Old High German had potah ‘body’, traces of which survived dialectally into modern times, but otherwise it is without known relatives in any other Indo- European language. Attempts have been made, not altogether convincingly, to link it with words for ‘container’ or ‘barrel’, such as medieval Latin butica. The use of body to mean ‘person in general’, as in somebody, nobody, got fully under way in the 14th century.
body (n.)
Old English bodig "trunk, chest" (of a man or animal); related to Old High German botah, of unknown origin. Not elsewhere in Germanic, and the word has died out in German (replaced by leib, originally "life," and k?rper, from Latin). In English, extension to "person" is from late 13c. Meaning "main part" of anything was in late Old English, hence its use in reference to vehicles (1520s).
Contrasted with soul since at least mid-13c. Meaning "corpse" (short for dead body) is from late 13c. Transferred to matter generally in Middle English (as in heavenly body, late 14c.). Body politic "the nation, the state" first recorded 1520s, legalese, with French word order. Body image was coined 1935. Body language is attested from 1967, perhaps from French langage corporel (1966). Phrase over my dead body attested by 1833.
例文
1. His resignation was a body blow to the team.
彼の辞任はチームに対する痛手だった。
2.The car passed over the body twice,once backward and then forward.
その車はその人を2回も轢いた。まず逆に轢いた後、前に開いて轢いた。
3.They would like to hand over their financial affairs to another body .
彼らは自分の財務を別の機関に移管しようとしている。
4. "Let's invite her to dinner." — "Over my dead body !「
「彼女を夕食に招待しよう。」－「私が死なない限り！」
5.Xandra is an athletic 36-year-old with a 21-year-old 's body .