buck

• n.(米)お金、ドル；鹿；野郎；若いインディアンまたは黒人
• n. （バック）人名；（英語、スペイン語）Buck；（フランス語）Buck；（ドイツ語、スウェーデン語、ハンガリー語）Booker

PIE *bhug（雄羊）が語源で、雄鹿、ウサギなど他の雄の動物も指し、後に主に雄鹿を指すようになった。ドルの意味は、アメリカ西部開拓時代に先住民インディアンとヨーロッパ人入植者の間でバックスキンを通貨媒体として使用したことに由来する。

ロンドンの有名なバックス?クラブで最初に造られたことから名づけられた。

buck

buck: [OE] Old English had two related words which have coalesced into modern English buck: bucca ‘male goat’ and buc ‘male deer’. Both go back to a prehistoric Germanic stem *buk-, and beyond that probably to an Indo-European source. The 18th-century meaning ‘dashing fellow’ probably comes ultimately from the related Old Norse bokki, a friendly term for a male colleague, which was originally adopted in English in the 14th century meaning simply ‘fellow’. The colloquial American sense ‘dollar’ comes from an abbreviation of buckskin, which was used as a unit of trade with the Native Americans in Frontier days.
=> butcher

buck (n.1)

"male deer," c. 1300, earlier "male goat;" from Old English bucca "male goat," from Proto-Germanic *bukkon (cognates: Old Saxon buck, Middle Dutch boc, Dutch bok, Old High German boc, German Bock, Old Norse bokkr), perhaps from a PIE root *bhugo (cognates: Avestan buza "buck, goat," Armenian buc "lamb"), but some speculate that it is from a lost pre-Germanic language. Barnhart says Old English buc "male deer," listed in some sources, is a "ghost word or scribal error."

Meaning "dollar" is 1856, American English, perhaps an abbreviation of buckskin, a unit of trade among Indians and Europeans in frontier days, attested in this sense from 1748. Pass the buck is first recorded in the literal sense 1865, American English:

The 'buck' is any inanimate object, usually knife or pencil, which is thrown into a jack pot and temporarily taken by the winner of the pot. Whenever the deal reaches the holder of the 'buck', a new jack pot must be made. [J.W. Keller, "Draw Poker," 1887]

Perhaps originally especially a buck-handled knife. The figurative sense of "shift responsibility" is first recorded 1912. Buck private is recorded by 1870s, of uncertain signification.

buck (v.)

1848, apparently with a sense of "jump like a buck," from buck (n.1). Related: Bucked; bucking. Buck up "cheer up" is from 1844.

buck (n.2)

"sawhorse," 1817, American English, apparently from Dutch bok "trestle."

1. The owners don 't want to overlook any opportunity to make a buck .

オーナーたちは、お金を稼ぐ機会を逃したくありません。

2.He 'd been a real hell-raiser as a young buck .

彼は若い頃は十分ないたずらっ子だった。

3.His life isn 't ruled by looking for a fast buck .

彼の生活は、ひたすら大金持ちになりたいという気持ちに左右されていない。

4. Buck up your ideas or you 'll get more of the same treatment.

元気を出して、さもなくばあなたはもっと苦しい目に遭うことができます。

5.People are saying if we don 't buck up we 'll be in trouble.

これ以上積極的に行動しないと、私たちは面倒になると言われています。