bulwark

• n.壁；防波堤；防波堤
• vt.保護する；要塞化する

オランダ語のbulはbole、trunk、warkはwork、仕事を意味する。もともとは、船の要塞と防御を指す。後に要塞。boulevardから派生。

bulwark

bulwark: [15] Bulwark comes from Middle High German bolwerc ‘fortification’, a compound formed from bole ‘plank’ (the same word as English bole ‘tree trunk’) and werc, equivalent to English work. It thus originally meant ‘rampart constructed out of planks or tree trunks’. The word was shared by other Germanic languages, including Swedish bolverk, and French borrowed it as boullewerc, which has since become boulevard.
=> bole, boulevard, work

bulwark (n.)

"planking or woodwork round the uppermost parts of a vessel," early 15c., from Middle Dutch bulwerke or Middle High German bolwerc, probably from bole "plank, tree trunk" (from Proto-Germanic *bul-, from PIE root *bhel- (2) "to blow, swell;" see bole) + werc "work" (see work (n.)). Figurative sense "means of defense or security" is from 1570s.

1. a bulwark against extremism

極端主義者に断固反対する

2.Our people 's support is a bulwark against the enemy.

人民の支持は御敵の強大な力である.

3.That country is a bulwark of freedom.

その国は自由の砦だった。

4.Law and moraity are the bulwark of society.

法律と道徳は社会の防御ツールである。

5.The House of Lords is the only bulwark of democracy in this country.

上院はこの国で唯一の民主的な砦である。