category

• n. 種、分類; [数]カテゴリー

cata-、下向きの、相対的な。-agora、広場、人前で話す、公開演説；allegory、アレゴリーを参照。もともとは、広場で行われる演説、語りを指していた。後に古代ギリシアの哲学者アリストテレスは、この語をカテゴリーや種類を表すのに用い、現在の意味に定着させた。

category

category: [15] The word category has a rather complicated semantic history. It comes ultimately from Greek katēgorein ‘accuse’, a compound formed from the prefix katá- ‘against’ and agorá ‘public assembly’ (source of English agoraphobia and related to gregarious) – hence ‘speak against publicly’. ‘Accuse’ gradually became weakened in meaning to ‘assert, name’, and the derived noun katēgoríā was applied by Aristotle to the enumeration of all classes of things that can be named – hence ‘category’. The word reached English via late Latin catēgoria or French catégorie.
=> agoraphobia, gregarious, panegyric

category (n.)

1580s, from Middle French catégorie, from Late Latin categoria, from Greek kategoria "accusation, prediction, category," verbal noun from kategorein "to speak against; to accuse, assert, predicate," from kata "down to" (or perhaps "against;" see cata-) + agoreuein "to harangue, to declaim (in the assembly)," from agora "public assembly" (see agora). Original sense of "accuse" weakened to "assert, name" by the time Aristotle applied kategoria to his 10 classes of things that can be named.

category should be used by no-one who is not prepared to state (1) that he does not mean class, & (2) that he knows the difference between the two .... [Fowler]

1. The judges could not decide which category it belonged in.

評価者は、どのクラスに属しているかを判定できません。

2.Designer wedding dresses make wedding fashion a separate category from mainstream fashion.

有名デザイナーがデザインしたウェディングドレスは、ウェディングファッションを主流のファッションとは異なるものにした。

3.Over the decade,women in this category went up by 120%.

過去10年間、このような女性は120%も多かった。

4.This book clearly falls into the category of fictionalised autobiography.

この本は明らかに自伝体小説に属している。

5.Students over 25 fall into a different category .

25歳以上の学生は別のクラスです。