century

• n.世紀、百年；（クリケット）百点

cent（百）が語源。-century、名詞の接尾辞。

century

century: [16] Latin centuria meant ‘group of one hundred’ (it was a derivative of centum ‘hundred’). Among the specialized applications of this general sense, the most familiar to us today is that of a division of the Roman army consisting originally of a hundred soldiers (the title of its commander, centurion [14] – Latin centuriō – derives from centuria). When English took the word over, however, it put it to other uses: it was first applied to ‘period of 100 years’ in the early 17th century, while ‘score of 100 or more in cricket’ comes from the mid 19th century.
=> cent, centurion

century (n.)

1530s, "one hundred (of anything)," from Latin centuria "group of one hundred" of things of one kind (including a measure of land and a division of the Roman army, one-sixteenth of a legion, headed by a centurion), from centum "hundred" (see hundred) on analogy of decuria "a company of ten."

Used in Middle English from late 14c. as a division of land, from Roman use. The Modern English meaning is attested from 1650s, short for century of years (1620s). The older, general sense is preserved in the meaning "score of 100 points" in cricket and some other sports. Related: Centurial.

1. The first British attempt to colonize Ireland was in the twelfth century .

イギリスがアイルランドで最初に植民地開拓を試みたのは12世紀だった。

2.The brooch dates back to the fourth century BC.

このブローチの歴史は紀元前4世紀にさかのぼる。

3.The greatest polemicist of the 20 th century must be Leon Trotsky.

20世紀で最も不出来な議論家はレオン?トロツキーである。

4.Why were spices so highly valued in late 15 th- century Europe？

なぜ香料は15世紀末のヨーロッパでは貴重だったのか。

5.The eighteenth- century Admiralty had few coercive powers over its officers.

18世紀の英国海軍部は、将校に強制力を持っていなかった。