charity

• n.慈善；施し；慈善協会；寛容；施し

PIE*karoの「大切にする」「愛する」が語源で、語源的にはcaress（愛撫）、whore（娼婦）と同じ。 後に、貧しい人に親切にしたり、施しをしたりすること。

charity (n.)

mid-12c., "benevolence for the poor," from Old French charité "(Christian) charity, mercy, compassion; alms; charitable foundation" (12c., Old North French carité), from Latin caritatem (nominative caritas) "costliness, esteem, affection" (in Vulgate often used as translation of Greek agape "love" -- especially Christian love of fellow man -- perhaps to avoid the sexual suggestion of Latin amor), from carus "dear, valued," from PIE *karo-, from root *ka- "to like, desire" (see whore (n.)).

Vulgate also sometimes translated agape by Latin dilectio, noun of action from diligere "to esteem highly, to love" (see diligence).

Wyclif and the Rhemish version regularly rendered the Vulgate dilectio by 'love,' caritas by 'charity.' But the 16th c. Eng. versions from Tindale to 1611, while rendering agape sometimes 'love,' sometimes 'charity,' did not follow the dilectio and caritas of the Vulgate, but used 'love' more often (about 86 times), confining 'charity' to 26 passages in the Pauline and certain of the Catholic Epistles (not in I John), and the Apocalypse .... In the Revised Version 1881, 'love' has been substituted in all these instances, so that it now stands as the uniform rendering of agape. [OED]

Sense of "charitable foundation or institution" in English attested by 1690s.

1. Mr Dudley has pledged to give any award to charity .

ダドリー氏は、得られた損害賠償額を慈善団体に寄付することを約束した。

2.The magistrates granted that the charity was justified in bringing the action.

地方裁判官は、慈善団体が訴訟を起こす理由があることを認めた。

3. The organisers hope to raise as much as ￡6m for charity .

主催者は600万ポンドまでの義援金を集めたいと考えている。

4.Every year we have charity days to raise money for unfortunate people.

毎年、貧しい人々を助けるための慈善の日があります。

5.The charity says it wants a withdrawal of the comments.

この慈善団体はコメントを回収したいと主張している。