cleave

• 裂ける；突き抜ける；くっつく；付着する。
• vt. 切り開く；分離させる；貫通させる
• n.（薙ぎ払う）人名；（英）Cleave

1.cleave、PIE*gleibhの「切る、裂く」から、語源的には裂け目、グリフと同じ。さらにPIE*skelの「切る、裂く」から、語源的にはスキル、スケールと同じ。2.hold、PIE*gleiの「くっつく、くっつく」から、語源的にはくっつく、接着剤と同じ。

cleave

cleave: [OE] There are two distinct verbs cleave in English, both of Germanic origin. Cleave ‘cut’ comes from Germanic *kleuban, which goes back to an Indo-European base *gleubh- (this also produced Greek glúphein ‘carve’, source of English hieroglyphics). Cleave ‘adhere’ can be traced back ultimately to an Indo-European base *gloi-, *glei-, *gli- ‘stick’, from which English also gets glue and gluten. Its Germanic descendant *klai- produced English clay and clammy, and *kli- developed into cleave.
=> clammy, clay, climb, glue, hieroglyphics

cleave (v.1)

"to split," Old English cleofan, cleven, cliven "to split, separate" (class II strong verb, past tense cleaf, past participle clofen), from Proto-Germanic *kleuban (cognates: Old Saxon klioban, Old Norse kljufa, Danish kl?ve, Dutch kloven, Old High German klioban, German klieben "to cleave, split"), from PIE root *gleubh- "to cut, slice" (see glyph).

Past tense form clave is recorded in Northern writers from 14c. and was used with both verbs (see cleave (v.2)), apparently by analogy with other Middle English strong verbs. Clave was common to c. 1600 and still alive at the time of the KJV; weak past tense cleaved for this verb also emerged in 14c.; cleft is still later. The past participle cloven survives, though mostly in compounds.

cleave (v.2)

"to adhere," Middle English cleven, clevien, cliven, from Old English clifian, cleofian, from West Germanic *klibajan (cognates: Old Saxon klibon, Old High German kliban, Dutch kleven, Old High German kleben, German kleben "to stick, cling, adhere"), from PIE *gloi- "to stick" (see clay). The confusion was less in Old English when cleave (v.1) was a class 2 strong verb; but it has grown since cleave (v.1) weakened, which may be why both are largely superseded by stick (v.) and split (v.).

1. They just cleave the stone along the cracks.

彼らは亀裂に沿って石を割った。

2.The water is going to cleave a channel into the rock.

水の流れは山の中で峡谷を突き出す。

3.The tribe cleave to their old belief even after the european arrive.

ヨーロッパ人が来てからも、これらの部族は古い信仰を固守している。

4.Which may be why we still cleave to his great poem.

これが私たちが依然として彼の偉大な詩を守っている理由かもしれない。

5.Those who cleave to the latter view include many conservative American politicians.

後者の見方を持つ人には、米国の保守系政治家が多く含まれている。