英単語

curfewの意味・使い方・発音

curfew

英 ['kɜːfjuː] 美 ['kɝfju]
  • n. 門限;門限令;除夜の鐘;除夜の鐘の時間

語源


夜間外出禁止令

古フランス語のcuevrefeuから。cuevrは「覆う」、feuは「焦点」、「火」、「炉」、「焦点」。

英語の語源


curfew
curfew: [13] Curfew means literally ‘coverfire’. It was introduced into English via Anglo-Norman coeverfu from Old French covrefeu, which was formed from covrir ‘cover’ and feu ‘fire’ (feu was a descendant of Latin focus ‘hearth’, which has given English focus, foyer, fuel, and fusillade). The notion underlying the word is that of a signal given at a particular time in the evening to extinguish all fires in a town, camp, etc; its original purpose seems to have been to prevent accidental fires breaking out at night.
=> cover, focus, foyer, fuel
curfew (n.)
early 14c., "evening signal, ringing of a bell at a fixed hour," from Anglo-French coeverfu (late 13c.), from Old French cuevrefeu, literally "cover fire" (Modern French couvre-few), from cuevre, imperative of covrir "to cover" (see cover (v.)) + feu "fire" (see focus (n.)). The medieval practice of ringing a bell at fixed time in the evening as an order to bank the hearths and prepare for sleep. The original purpose was to prevent conflagrations from untended fires. The modern extended sense of "periodic restriction of movement" had evolved by 1800s.

例文


1. The city authorities said the curfew had contained the violence.
市政府は夜間外出禁止が暴力事件を抑制したと述べた。

2.The local administration says the curfew is a precautionary measure.
地方当局は夜間外出禁止は予防措置だと言っている。

3.A twelve hour night time curfew is in force.
12時間の夜間外出禁止を実行しています。

4.The army imposed a dusk-to-dawn curfew .
軍隊は夕暮れから明け方までの夜間外出禁止を強制した。

5.The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.
警察は何とか平静を取り戻し、夜間外出禁止部分を解除した。

頭文字