during: [14] During, like durable [14], durance [15], duration [14], duress, and endure [14], comes ultimately from the Latin adjective dūrus ‘hard’. This goes back to an earlier *drūros, which is related to Irish dron ‘solid’, Lithuanian drūtas ‘strong, solid’, and Sanskrit dāruna- ‘strong, hard’, and links with Irish daur ‘oak’ (a possible relative of druid) and Greek drus ‘oak’ suggest that its original underlying meaning was ‘oak wood’, from which ‘hard’ developed as a metaphorical extension.
The Latin verb dūrāre meant originally literally ‘harden’, but this widened (perhaps with memories of an underlying sense ‘strong, resilient’) to ‘continue in existence, last’. It is these notions of ‘continuance’, ‘strength’, and ‘perseverance’ that emerge in different proportions in durable, duration, and endure, and indeed in during, which is a translation of Old French durant, the present participle of durer ‘last’: phrases such as ‘during the day’ mean etymologically ‘as long as the day lasts’. Durance, an archaic term for ‘imprisonment’, originally denoted ‘length of sentence’, and so is virtually equivalent to the modern ‘for the duration’. => durable, duration, duress, endure
during (prep.)
late 14c., durand, present participle of obsolete verb duren "to last, endure" (mid-13c.), from Old French durer, from Latin durare "endure" (see endure). During the day really is "while the day endures," and the usage is a transference into English of a Latin ablative absolute (compare durante bello "during (literally 'enduring') the war").
例文
1. She rejected his advances during the trip to Cannes.
カンヌに向かう途中、彼女は彼の挑発を断った。
2.He lost two stone in weight during his time there.
彼はそこにいたときに体重が2英石落ちた。
3.She produced the knife during arguments with her friends.
友人と口論している間にナイフを取り出した。
4.She conceded just three points on her service during the first set.
彼女は第1セットの自分のサーブセットで3点しか失っていない。
5.Walking and golf increased in popularity during the 1980 s.