effigy: [16] Effigy comes ultimately from the Latin verb effingere ‘form, portray’. This was a compound formed from the prefix ex- ‘out’ and fingere ‘make, shape’ (source of English faint, feign, fiction, figment, and related to English dairy and dough). It formed the basis of the noun effigiēs ‘representation, likeness, portrait’, which was borrowed into English in the 16th century as effigies: ‘If that you were the good Sir Rowland’s son, as you have whisper’d faithfully you were, and as mine eye doth his effigies witness most truly limn’d and living in your face, be truly welcome hither’, Shakespeare, As you like it 1600.
By the 18th century, however, this had come to be regarded as a plural form, and so a new singular, effigy, was created. => dairy, dough, faint, fiction, figment
effigy (n.)
"image of a person," 1530s, from Middle French effigie (13c.), from Latin effigies "copy or imitation of something, likeness, image, statue," from or related to effingere "to mold, fashion, portray," from ex- "out" (see ex-) + fingere "to form, shape" (see fiction). The Latin word was regarded as plural and the -s was lopped off by 18c. Especially figures made of stuffed clothing; the burning or hanging of them is attested by 1670s. Formerly done by judicial authorities as symbolic punishment of criminals who had escaped their jurisdiction; later a popular expression against persons deemed obnoxious. Related: Effigial.
例文
1. The king was burned in effigy by the angry mob.
国王の模擬像が怒りの民衆に焼かれて心の中の憤慨を晴らす。
2.Burn a person in effigy .
誰かの肖像を燃やして恨みを晴らす。
3.There the effigy stands，and stares from age to age across the changing ocean.
彫刻像は依然としてそこにそびえていて、千秋万載はその気まぐれな海を見つめていた。
4.The deposed dictator was burned in effigy by the crowd.
大衆が退位独裁者の模擬像を燃やす。
5.This effigy is decorated with old newspapers and firecrackers.