elbow

• n.肘；ひじ；手すり
• vt. 押す；肘で押しやる

ellとbowの合成語。

elbow

elbow: [OE] Logically enough, elbow means etymologically ‘arm bend’. It comes from a prehistoric West and North Germanīc *alinobogan (which also produced German ellenbogen, Dutch elleboog, and Danish albue). This was a compound formed from *alinā ‘forearm’ and *bogan (source of English bow). However, there is a further twist.

For *alinā (source also of English ell [OE], a measure of length equal to that of the forearm) itself goes back ultimately to an Indo-European base *el-, *ele- which itself meant ‘bend’, and produced not just words for ‘forearm’ (such as Latin ulna), but also words for ‘elbow’ (such as Welsh elin). So at this deepest level of all, elbow means tautologically ‘bend bend’.
=> bow, ell, ulna

elbow (n.)

"bend of the arm," c. 1200, elbowe, from a contraction of Old English elnboga "elbow," from Proto-Germanic *elino-bugon, literally "bend of the forearm" (cognates: Middle Dutch ellenboghe, Dutch elleboog, Old High German elinbogo, German Ellenboge, Old Norse ?lnbogi). For first element, see ell (n.1) "length of the forearm;" second element represented by Old English boga "bow, arch" (see bow (n.1)).

Second element related to Old English bugan "to bend" (see bow (v.)); first element from *alina "arm," from PIE *el- (1) "elbow, forearm" (see ell (n.1)). To be out at elbows (1620s) was literally to have holes in one's coat. Phrase elbow grease "hard rubbing" is attested from 1670s, from jocular sense of "the best substance for polishing furniture." Elbow-room, "room to extend one's elbows," hence, "ample room for activity," attested 1530s.

elbow (v.)

"thrust with the elbow," c. 1600, from elbow (n.). Figurative sense is from 1863. Related: Elbowed; elbowing.

1. When you are sitting，keep your elbow on the arm rest.

座ったとき、肘を手すりに当てます。

2.There was not much elbow room in the cockpit of a Snipe.

「サドルバード」戦闘機のコックピットスペースはあまり広くありません。

3.He lay beside her awkwardly,proped on an elbow .

彼はひじで体を支え、彼女のそばに横になっていた。

4.Non-state firms gradually elbow aside the inefficient state-ouned ones.

非国有企業は効率の悪い国有企業を徐々に排除している。

5.I placed his drink on the small table at his elbow .

私は彼の飲み物を彼の肘のそばの小さなテーブルの上に置いた。