elf: [OE] In Germanic legend, elves were potent supernatural beings, capable of exercising considerable magic powers to the benefit or harm of human beings. Their decline to their modern status as small mischievous sprites seems to have begun in the 16th century. The word comes from a prehistoric Germanic *albiz, a variant of which produced Old Norse álfr (source of English oaf [17]) and German alp ‘nightmare’. => oaf
elf (n.)
"one of a race of powerful supernatural beings in Germanic folklore," Old English elf (Mercian, Kentish), ?lf (Northumbrian), ylfe (plural, West Saxon) "sprite, fairy, goblin, incubus," from Proto-Germanic *albiz (cognates: Old Saxon alf, Old Norse alfr, German alp "evil spirit, goblin, incubus"), origin unknown; according to Watkins, possibly from PIE *albho- "white." Used figuratively for "mischievous person" from 1550s.
In addition to elf/?lf (masc.), Old English had parallel form *elfen (fem.), the plural of which was *elfenna, -elfen, from Proto-Germanic *albinjo-. Both words survived into Middle English and were active there, the former as elf (with the vowel of the plural), plural elves, the latter as elven, West Midlands dialect alven (plural elvene).
The Germanic elf originally was dwarfish and malicious (compare elf-lock "knot in hair," Old English ?lfadl "nightmare," ?lfsogoea "hiccup," thought to be caused by elves); in the Middle Ages they were confused to some degree with faeries; the more noble version begins with Spenser. Nonetheless a popular component in Anglo-Saxon names, many of which survive as modern given names and surnames, such as ?lfr?d "Elf-counsel" (Alfred), ?lfwine "Elf-friend" (Alvin), ?lfric "Elf-ruler" (Eldridge), also women's names such as ?lffl?d "Elf-beauty." Elf Lock hair tangled, especially by Queen Mab, "which it was not fortunate to disentangle" [according to Robert Nares' glossary of Shakespeare] is from 1592.
例文
1. Nikola Tesla revealed in 1901 power could be transmitted through the ground using ELF waves.
ニコラテスラ1901年にエネルギーが ELF 波を介して地上を伝送できることを明らかにした。
2.Conclusions: Elf -1 expression in endometrial carcinoma correlates with the malignant potential of this tumor.
結論： Elf -1は子宮内膜癌の悪性を判断する良い指標である。
3.Heart toxicity was not found in the ELF ，but incidence was 12.5%in the FAM.
ELF 群では心臓毒性は認められなかったが、FAMは12.5%であった。
4.The distribution of cell cycle time in ELF magnetic fields and at different temperatures are investigated.＜d＞さまざまな温度条件下および ELF （極低周波数）磁場下での細胞成長周期分布スペクトルの変化を測定した。
5.The expression of Elf ?1 and Rb protein were not significantly different in several epidermal malignant tumor. Elf ?1またはRbタンパク質の発現は、表皮悪性腫瘍の組織学的タイプとは無関係である。