emerald

• n. エメラルド; [宝]エメラルド; エメラルド?グリーン
• adj.エメラルドグリーン
• n.(エメラルドの)人名;(英)エメラルド(女性のクリスチャンネーム)

ヘブライ語のセム語から。

emerald

emerald: [13] Emerald traces its history back to an ancient Semitic verb ‘shine’ – bāraq. From this there seems to have been formed a noun *bāraqt meaning ‘gem’. This was taken over into the ancient vernacular languages of India (main source of gems in early times) as maragada-. Greek acquired the word as máragdos ‘green gem’, which was soon superseded as the main form by a variant smáragdos.

Latin adopted this as smaragdus (which passed into English, probably via Old French, as smaragd, a term used for the ‘emerald’ from the 13th to the 18th century, and revived as an archaism in the 19th century). In post-classical times Latin smaragdus became *smaralda, and as this became disseminated through the Romance languages it acquired in many cases an additional syllable: Spanish esmeralda, for instance (source of the English forename) and Old French esmeraude, borrowed into Middle English as emeraud.

emerald (n.)

"bright green precious stone," c. 1300, emeraude, from Old French esmeraude (12c.), from Medieval Latin esmaraldus, from Latin smaragdus, from Greek smaragdos "green gem" (emerald or malachite), from Semitic baraq "shine" (compare Hebrew bareqeth "emerald," Arabic barq "lightning").

Sanskrit maragdam "emerald" is from the same source, as is Persian zumurrud, whence Turkish zümrüd, source of Russian izumrud "emerald." For the excrescent e-, see e-.

In early examples the word, like most other names of precious stones, is of vague meaning; the medi?val references to the stone are often based upon the descriptions given by classical writers of the smaragdus, the identity of which with our emerald is doubtful. [OED]

Emerald Isle for "Ireland" is from 1795.

1. Emerald starlings are fairly small when compared with other such birds.

同類の他の鳥に比べて、翠輝椋鳥はずっと小さい。

2.Alice has an emerald necklace.

アリスにはエメラルドのネックレスがある。

3.That emerald curtain doesn 't match the floor.

そのエメラルドグリーンのカーテンは床と相性が悪い。

4.Her jaw line tightened to squareness and her eyes went emerald .

彼女のあごは四角いほどきつく、彼女の目はエメラルドの色になった。

5.She is wearing a ring set with emerald .

彼女はエメラルドが埋め込まれた指輪をはめている。