empiricism

• n. 経験主義；経験主義

経験的な、経験主義から。-empiricism、教義、思想、意見。

empiricism (n.)

1650s, in the medical sense, from empiric + -ism. Later in a general sense of "reliance on direct observation rather than theory," especially an undue reliance on mere individual experience; in reference to a philosophical doctrine which regards experience as the only source of knowledge from 1796.

Were I obliged to give a short name to the attitude in question, I should call it that of radical empiricism, in spite of the fact that such brief nicknames are nowhere more misleading than in philosophy. I say 'empiricism' because it is contented to regard its most assured conclusions concerning matters of fact as hypotheses liable to modification in the course of future experience; and I say 'radical,' because it treats the doctrine of monism itself as an hypothesis, and, unlike so much of the half way empiricism that is current under the name of positivism or agnosticism or scientific naturalism, it does not dogmatically affirm monism as something with which all experience has got to square. The difference between monism and pluralism is perhaps the most pregnant of all the differences in philosophy. [William James, preface to "The Sentiment of Rationality" in "The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy," 1897]

1. It is in this sense that Comte repudiates empiricism .

まさにその意味で、孔徳は経験主義を捨てた。

2.Some are obviously tinged with relatively unalloyed empiricism .

中には明らかに不適合な経験主義的な色を持っているところもある。

3.The opposite of empiricism is rationalism.

経験論の対立面は唯理論である。

4.Rationalism usually considers itself more religious than empiricism .

理性主義はいつも自分が経験主義より宗教的だと思っている。

5.The rationalism，opposite to empiricism ，holds the theory of innate ideas.

経験主義に対応する理性主義者は天賦観念論の立場を堅持する。