entropy

• n. [熱] エントロピー（熱力学関数）

en-、入る、作る。-trop、回転、混乱、語源的にはturn、tropicalと同じ。つまり、混乱状態に入ることで、後に科学用語で無秩序状態の測定を指すようになった。

entropy

entropy: [19] The term entropy was coined (as entropie) in 1865 by the German physicist Rudolph Clausius (1822–88), formulator of the second law of thermodynamics. It was he who developed the concept of entropy (a measure of the disorder of a system at atomic or molecular level), and he created the name for it (on the model of energy) from Greek en- ‘in’ and tropé ‘turning, transformation’ (source of English trophy and tropical). The first record of the English version of the word is from 1868.
=> trophy, tropical

entropy (n.)

1868, from German Entropie "measure of the disorder of a system," coined 1865 (on analogy of Energie) by German physicist Rudolph Clausius (1822-1888), in his work on the laws of thermodynamics, from Greek entropia "a turning toward," from en "in" (see en- (2)) + trope "a turning, a transformation" (see trope). The notion is supposed to be "transformation contents." Related: Entropic.

It was not until 1865 that Clausius invented the word entropy as a suitable name for what he had been calling "the transformational content of the body." The new word made it possible to state the second law in the brief but portentous form: "The entropy of the universe tends toward a maximum," but Clausius did not view entropy as the basic concept for understanding that law. He preferred to express the physical meaning of the second law in terms of the concept of disgregation, another word that he coined, a concept that never became part of the accepted structure of thermodynamics. [Martin J. Klein, "The Scientific Style of Josiah Willard Gibbs," in "A Century of Nathematics in America," 1989]

1. In the business world， entropy rules.

ビジネスの世界では、無秩序な状態がすべてを支配しています。

2.No matter how much of a misanthrope you are there is such a thing as entropy and it will catch up with you sooner or later.

どんなに人と付き合いたくない人であっても、あなたは遅かれ早かれ何百万もの情報に囲まれます。

3.The entropy density is constant ahead of the shock.

衝撃波の前方のエントロピー密度は一定である。

4.They can adopt conformations which lead to maximum entropy .

彼らは最大エントロピー値を持つ立体配座をとることができる。

5.The second law only allows us to calculate changes in entropy .

第2法則ではエントロピーの変化量しか計算できません。