ethnic

• adj.人種的；民族的

PIE *swedh「自己」から。語源的にはself「慣用句」「習慣」と同じ*sweの拡大形。

ethnic

ethnic: [14] Greek éthnos meant ‘nation, people’. However, its use in the Septuagint (the early Greek translation of the Old Testament) to render the Hebrew word for ‘gentile’ led to its derived adjective ethnikós, and hence Latin ethnicus, meaning virtually ‘heathen’. It was in this sense that English first acquired the word (‘an ethnic and a pagan king’, Nicholas Udall, Paraphrase of Erasmus 1545); indeed, early etymologists thought that English heathen came from éthnos. The word’s modern anthropological sense is a mid-19th-century return to its roots.

ethnic (adj.)

late 15c. (earlier ethnical, early 15c.) "pagan, heathen," from Late Latin ethnicus, from Greek ethnikos "of or for a nation, national," by some writers (Polybius, etc.) "adopted to the genius or customs of a people, peculiar to a people," and among the grammarians "suited to the manners or language of foreigners," from ethnos "band of people living together, nation, people, tribe, caste," also used of swarms or flocks of animals, properly "people of one's own kind," from PIE *swedh-no-, suffixed form of root *s(w)e-, third person pronoun and reflexive, also forming words referring to the social group (see idiom). Earlier in English as a noun, "a heathen, pagan, one who is not a Christian or Jew" (c. 1400). In modern noun use, "member of an ethnic group," from 1945.

In Septuagint, Greek ta ethne translates Hebrew goyim, plural of goy "nation," especially of non-Israelites, hence especially "gentile nation, foreign nation not worshipping the true God" (see goy), and ethnikos is used by ecclesiastical writers in a sense of "savoring of the nature of pagans, alien to the worship of the true God," and as a noun "the pagan, the gentile." The classical sense of "peculiar to a race or nation" in English is attested from 1851, a return to the word's original meaning; that of "different cultural groups" is 1935; and that of "racial, cultural or national minority group" is American English 1945. Ethnic cleansing is attested from 1991.

Although the term 'ethnic cleansing' has come into English usage only recently, its verbal correlates in Czech, French, German, and Polish go back much further. [Jerry Z. Muller, "Us and Them: The Enduring Power of Ethnic Nationalism," Foreign Affairs, March/April 2008]

1. They 've been living and working peacefully with members of various ethnic groups.

彼らは異なる民族の人々と一緒に仲良く暮らし、仕事をしている。

2.The ethnic populations are so intermingled that there 's bound to be conflict.

各民族の人口がこのように雑居していると、衝突するに違いない。

3.There are still several million ethnic Germans in Russia.

ロシア国内にはまだ数百万人のドイツ人がいる。

4.The book explores the connection between American ethnic and regional literatures.

この本は、米国の民族文学と地域文学の関係を検討している。

5.The ministers expressed dismay at the continued practice of ethnic cleansing.

部長たちは、継続的に行われる種族洗浄への懸念を表明した。