excuse

• n. 弁解；理由
• vt.許す；嘆願する；免除を与える
• 弁解する；許しを請う；許しを示す

ex-, 外の。-Cus、原因、語源的にはcausal、なぜならと同じ。

excuse

excuse: [13] Etymologically, excuse means ‘free of accusation’. It comes via Old French from Latin excūsāre, a compound verb formed from the prefix ex-, denoting removal, and causa ‘cause’ – but ‘cause’ in the sense not of something that produces a result, but of ‘legal action, accusation’ (a meaning preserved in English ‘cause list’, for example) Originally, the s of both the noun and the verb was pronounced /z/; the /s/ of the modern English noun arose by analogy with such nouns as use and abuse.
=> accuse, cause

excuse (v.)

mid-13c., "attempt to clear (someone) from blame, find excuses for," from Old French escuser (12c., Modern French excuser) "apologize, make excuses; pardon, exonerate," from Latin excusare "excuse, apologize, make an excuse for, plead as an excuse; release from a charge; decline, refuse, excuse the refusal of" (source also of Spanish excusar, Italian scusare), from ex- "out, away" (see ex-) + causa "accusation, legal action" (see cause (n.)).

Sense of "forgive, pardon, accept another's plea of excuse" is from early 14c. Meaning "to obtain exemption or release from an obligation or duty; beg to be excused" is from mid-14c. in English, as is the sense "defend (someone or something) as right." Sense of "serve as justification for" is from 1530s. Related: Excused; excusing. Excuse me as a mild apology or statement of polite disagreement is from c. 1600.

excuse (n.)

late 14c., "pretext, justification," from Old French excuse, from excuser (see excuse (v.)). The sense of "that which serves as a reason for being excused" is recorded from mid-15c. As a noun, excusation is the earlier form (mid-14c.).

1. He 'd telephoned with some phoney excuse she didn 't believe for a minute.

彼は彼女がまったく信じられない言い訳をして電話をかけた。

2.National security is the stock excuse for keeping things confidential.

国家安全保障は、いくつかのことを秘密にするための盾としてよく使われています。

3.A conservatory offers the perfect excuse to let your imagination run riot.

音楽学院は想像力を自由に働かせる十分な理由を持っています。

4." Excuse me，"she said to Jarvis，and left the room.

「ちょっと外出してすみません」と彼女はジャービスに言って、部屋を出た。

5.He mumbled some lame excuse about having gone to sleep.

彼はぼんやりと下手な言い訳をして、なぜ寝てしまったのか説明しようとした。