farce

• n. 茶番劇; ホーカス-フォーカス; 笑い劇場
• n. （茶番劇の）人名; （フランス語の）茶番劇

ラテン語のfarcire「詰め込む」、force-meatと語源的には同じ。 おそらくPIE*ger「詰め込む」、cramp「詰め込む」、crowdと語源的には同じ。 後にごった煮、茶番劇を指すのに使われる。

farce

farce: [14] Farce originally meant ‘stuff’ (widening gastronomic knowledge in the late 20th century has made us more familiar with its French cousin farcir ‘stuff’, and the force- of forcemeat [17] is the same word). It came via Old French farsir from Latin farcīre ‘stuff’. The Latin verb was used in the Middle Ages for the notion of inserting additional passages into the text of the Mass, and hence to padding out any text. A particular application was the insertion of impromptu, usually comical interludes into religious plays, which had led by the 16th century to something approaching the modern meaning of farce.
=> forcemeat

farce (n.)

late 14c., "force-meat, stuffing;" 1520s, in the dramatic sense "ludicrous satire; low comedy," from Middle French farce "comic interlude in a mystery play" (16c.), literally "stuffing," from Old French farcir "to stuff," (13c.), from Latin farcire "to stuff, cram," which is of uncertain origin, perhaps from PIE *bhrekw- "to cram together," and thus related to frequens "crowded."

... for a farce is that in poetry which grotesque is in a picture. The persons and action of a farce are all unnatural, and the manners false, that is, inconsisting with the characters of mankind. [Dryden, "A Parallel of Poetry and Painting"]

According to OED and other sources, the pseudo-Latin farsia was applied 13c. in France and England to praise phrases inserted into liturgical formulae (for example between kyrie and eleison) at the principal festivals, then in Old French farce was extended to the impromptu buffoonery among actors that was a feature of religious stage plays. Generalized sense of "a ridiculous sham" is from 1690s in English.

1. The plot often borders on farce .

プロットはしばしば荒唐無稽に近い。

2.The elections have been reduced to a farce .

選挙は茶番劇になった。

3.The story has elements of tragedy and farce .

この物語は悲劇と茶番の要素を兼ねている。

4. They played a shameful [ despicable ] role in this farce .

彼らはこの茶番劇で恥ずべき役を演じた。

5.Our school dramas tend towards comedy and farce .

私たちの学校で作られた演劇はコメディやコメディに傾いている。