fascism

• n. ファシズム；極端なナショナリズム

イタリアのファシスト、ムッソリーニが新たに結成した政党の名称として借用した言葉で、中央集権の象徴であるローマ神話の「fasces」を連想させる。

fascism (n.)

1922, originally used in English in 1920 in its Italian form fascismo (see fascist). Applied to similar groups in Germany from 1923; applied to everyone since the Internet.

A form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion. [Robert O. Paxton, "The Anatomy of Fascism," 2004]

1. They heard the protesters shout:"No more fascism !「

彼らは抗議者が「ファシズムを倒せ！」と叫んでいるのを聞いた。

2.The uneasy coupling of fascism and conservatism spawned a new kind of political regime.

ファシズムと保守主義という不安な結合が新政権を生んだ。

3.The spectre of neo- fascism ，as he put it，was stalking the streets of Sofia and other big cities.

彼の言葉で言えば、新ファシズムの幽霊はソフィアや他の大都市をさまよっている。

4. Fascism is the most ruthless enemy of the people.

ファシズムは人民の最も残酷で非情な敵である。

5. Fascism in Italy was extinct.

ファシズムはイタリアで消滅した。