feud: [13] Feud signifies etymologically the ‘condition of being a foe’. It was borrowed from Old French fede or feide, and originally meant simply ‘hostility’; the modern sense ‘vendetta’ did not develop until the 15th century. The Old French word in turn was a borrowing from Old High German fēhida. This was a descendant of a prehistoric Germanic *faikhithō, a compound based on *faikh- ‘hostility’ (whence English foe).
Old English had a parallel descendant, fāhthu ‘enmity’, which appears to have died out before the Middle English period. It is not clear how the original Middle English form fede turned into modern English feud (the first signs of which began to appear in the late 16th century). => foe
feud (n.)
c. 1300, fede "enmity, hatred, hostility," northern English and Scottish, ultimately (via an unrecorded Old English word or Old French fede, faide "war, raid, hostility, hatred, enmity, feud, (legal) vengeance," which is from Germanic) from Proto-Germanic *faihitho (compare Old High German fehida "contention, quarrel, feud"), noun of state from adjective *faiho- (cognates: Old English f?he "enmity," fah "hostile;" German Fehde "feud;" Old Frisian feithe "enmity").
This is from PIE root *peig- (2), also *peik- "evil-minded, hostile" (see foe). Sense of "vendetta" is early 15c. Alteration of spelling in 16c. is unexplained. Meaning "state of hostility between families or clans" is from 1580s.
feud (v.)
1670s, from feud (n.). Related: Feuded; feuding.
例文
1. The feud with the Catholics goes back to the 11 th century.
カトリックとの宿怨は11世紀にさかのぼる。
2.He also began a running feud with Dean Acheson.
彼もエジソン院長と次々と争い始めた。
3.a long-running feud between the two artists
2人のアーティスト間の宿怨
4.Sadly，the feud sums up the relationship between Lord Bath and the man who succeeds him.
残念ながら、バース卿とその後任者との関係は「積怨は久しい」としか言いようがない。
5.What were the beginnings of this tragic feud across the Rhine？