fog

• n. 霧；煙、ほこり、霧；混乱
• vt.ぼやける；混乱させる；霧をかける
• vi. 霧に包まれる；見えなくなる
• n. （霧の）人名；（段の）ふ

語源は不明。

fog

fog: [16] The word fog is something of a mystery. It first appears in the 14th century meaning ‘long grass’, a use which persists in Yorkshire fog, the name of a species of grass. This may be of Scandinavian origin. The relationship, if any, between fog ‘grass’ and fog ‘mist’ is not immediately clear, but it has been speculated that the adjective foggy, which to begin with referred to places overgrown with long grass, and then passed via ‘of grassy wetlands’ to ‘boggy, marshy’ may have given rise via this last sense to a noun fog denoting the misty exhalations from such marshy ground.

A rather far-fetched semantic chain, perhaps, lacking documentary evidence at crucial points, and perhaps Danish fog ‘spray, shower’ may be closer to the real source.

fog (v.)

1590s (transitive), from fog (n.1). Intransitive use from 1849. Related: Fogged; fogging.

fog (n.1)

"thick, obscuring mist," 1540s, a back-formation from foggy (which appeared about the same time) or from a Scandinavian source akin to Danish fog "spray, shower, snowdrift," Old Norse fjuk "drifting snow storm." Compare also Old English fuht, Dutch vocht, German Feucht "damp, moist." Figurative phrase in a fog "at a loss what to do" first recorded c. 1600. Fog-lights is from 1962.

fog (n.2)

"long grass, second growth of grass after mowing," late 14c., probably of Scandinavian origin; compare Norwegian fogg "long grass in a moist hollow," Icelandic fuki "rotten sea grass." A connection to fog (n.1) via a notion of long grass growing in moist dells of northern Europe is tempting but not proven. Watkins suggests derivation from PIE *pu- (2) "to rot, decay" (see foul (adj.)).

1. His mind was in a fog when he finally got up.

彼はついに起きて、頭が混乱していた。

2.The fog had lifted and revealed a warm,sunny day.

霧はもう散って、暖かくて晴れた日のようです。

3.She heard the sound of the guns thundering in the fog .

彼女は霧の中からゴロゴロとした銃砲の音を聞いた。

4.Synchronising these attacks may be difficult in the fog of war.

霧のような戦争ではこれらの攻撃を同時に行うことは難しいかもしれない。

5.Some fog warning signs had been put up with flashing yellow lights.

黄色のフラッシュを備えた濃霧警告マークが立っている。