franchise

• n. 特権；市民権；販売権；管轄権
• ライセンス（または特権）を与えること。

古フランス語のfranc、非奴隷、自由、ラテン語のfrancus、Frank、自由人、Frankの語源から。 原義は自由を享受することで、後にfranchise、フランチャイズなどに派生した。

franchise

franchise: [13] Originally, franchise meant ‘freedom’ (as it still does in French today): ‘We will for our franchise fight and for our land’, Robert of Gloucester’s Chronicle 1297. Gradually, though, it became more specialized in sense, narrowing down via ‘particular legal privilege’ to (in the 18th century) ‘right to vote’. It comes from Old French franchise, a derivative of franc ‘free’ (whence English frank).
=> frank

franchise (n.)

c. 1300, fraunchise, "a special right or privilege (by grant of a sovereign or government);" also "national sovereignty; nobility of character, generosity; the king's authority; the collective rights claimed by a people or town or religious institution," also used of the state of Adam and Eve before the Fall, from Old French franchise "freedom, exemption; right, privilege" (12c.), from variant stem of franc "free" (see frank (adj.)).

From late 14c. as "freedom; not being in servitude; social status of a freeman;" early 15c. as "citizenship, membership in a community or town; membership in a craft or guild." The "special right" sense narrowed 18c. to "particular legal privilege," then "right to vote" (1790). From mid-15c. as "right to buy or sell," also "right to exclude others from buying or selling, a monopoly;" meaning "authorization by a company to sell its products or services" is from 1959.

franchise (v.)

late 14c., "to make free," from Old French franchiss-, past participle stem of franchir "to free" (12c.), from franc "free" (see frank (adj.)). Franchising is from 1570s; the commercial licensing sense is from 1966. Related: Franchisee; franchiser; franchisor.

1. The diving school has acquired a franchise for scuba equipment.

潜水学校は潜水用心肺のフランチャイズ権を獲得した。

2.Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.

学校給食サービスは特許権で運営されている。

3.The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.

米国は1920年に女性に参政権を与えた。

4.The 1867 Reform Act extended the franchise to much of the male working class.＜1867年改革法＞は選挙権の範囲を拡大し、多くの男性労働者がその権利を持つようにした。

5.Talk to other franchise holders and ask them what they think of the parent company.

他のフランチャイズ経営者と話をして、親会社についてどう思っているか聞いてみましょう。