funk

• n. 恐怖；臆病；恐怖；悪臭
• vt.怖がる；うずくまる；悪臭を放つ
• 怖がる；竦む；悪臭を放つ
• n. （ファンク）人の名前；（スウェーデン語、ドイツ語、ローマ語、ハンガリー語、チェコ語）ファンク；（英語）フィンク

ラテン語のfumigare（煙、悪臭、悪臭）が語源で、語源的にはfumigate（燻蒸する）と同じ。 この言葉はもともと白人が黒人の臭いを指して使っていた。その後、黒人ミュージシャンが彼らのジャズ?スタイルを表現するために使うようになり、ジャズの人気が高まるにつれて、次第に肯定的な意味合いを持つようになった。Panic、cowardlyはオックスフォードのスラングで、煙の不快な臭いからきていると言われている。

funk (n.1)

"depression, ill-humor," perhaps from earlier sense "cowering state of fear" (1743), identified in OED as originally Oxford slang, probably from Scottish and Northern English verb funk "become afraid, shrink through fear, fail through panic," (1737), of unknown origin. Perhaps from Flemish fonck "perturbation, agitation, distress," which is possibly related to Old French funicle "wild, mad."

funk (n.2)

"bad smell," 1620s, probably from the verb funk in the sense "blow smoke upon; stifle with offensive vapor" (though this is not recorded until later 17c.). It is from dialectal French funkière "to smoke," from Old French fungier "give off smoke; fill with smoke," from Latin fumigare "to smoke" (see fume (n.)).

Not considered to be related to obsolete funk (n.) "a spark," mid-14c., fonke, a general Germanic word (compare Dutch vonk, Old High German funcho, German Funke. The Middle English word is probably from Low German or from an unrecorded Old English form.

In reference to a style of music felt to have a strong, earthy quality, it is attested by 1959, a back-formation from funky (q.v.).

1. He was in a blue funk ！Worse than me！

彼は神経が非常に緊張している！私より悪い！

2. My face went crimson (which it does out of sheer funk ).

私の顔は真っ赤になった（私がパニックになるとそうなる）。<／

3.Out of sheer funk he had not gone to the party.

彼は完全に臆病で宴会には行かなかった。

4.It isn 't a natural thing for a boy to funk water.

男の子が水を恐れるのは無理なことだ。

5.Their version of jazz funk is a pale imitation of the real thing.

彼らが演奏する音楽は、本物の郷土ジャズに対する拙劣な模倣にすぎない。