gauge

• n. 軌間；標準サイズ；容量指定
• vt.測定；見積もり；...の仕様

PIE*のghalgh、棒、gallowsと同じ語源。

gauge

gauge: see engage

gauge (v.)

"ascertain by exact measurements," mid-15c., from Anglo-French gauge (mid-14c.), from Old North French gauger "standardize, calibrate, measure" (Old French jaugier), from gauge "gauging rod," a word of unknown origin. Perhaps from Frankish *galgo "rod, pole for measuring" or another Germanic source (compare Old Norse gelgja "pole, perch," Old High German galgo; see gallows). Related: Gauged; gauging. The figurative use is from 1580s. "The spelling variants gauge and gage have existed since the first recorded uses in Middle English, though in American English gage is found exclusively in technical uses" [Barnhart].

gauge (n.)

early 15c., "fixed standard of measure" (surname Gageman is early 14c.), from Old North French gauge "gauging rod" (see gauge (v.)). Meaning "instrument for measuring" is from 1670s; meaning "distance between rails on a railway" is from 1841.

Railway-gage, the distance between perpendiculars on the insides of the heads of the two rails of a track. Standard gage is 4 feet 8 1/2 inches; anything less than this is narrow gage; anything broader is broad gage. The dimension was fixed for the United States by the wheels of the British locomotive imported from the Stephenson Works in 1829. [Century Dictionary]

1. The index is the government 's chief gauge of future economic activity.

という指数は、政府が将来の経済活動を判断する主な根拠である。

2. "The fuel gauge is broken." — "Broken? How do you mean？"

「ガソリンメーターが壊れた。」——「壊れた？はっきり言って？」

3.The fuel gauge reads below zero.

燃料計は油量がゼロ以下であることを示している。

4.The gauge must be giving a faulty reading.

ゲージの表示に間違いがあるに違いない。

5.The temperature gauge indicated that it was boiling.

温度計は沸騰していることを示している。