gerrymander

• n. 選挙区を変更する；選挙区を不当に変更する。
• vt.政党の利益のために選挙区を変更する；政党の個人的利益のために選挙区を変更する。
• vi.不当にジェリマンダーする；改ざんする。

19世紀初頭にマサチューセッツ州知事だったエルブリッジ?ゲリーが、より多くの票を得るために選挙区をゲリマンダーしたことが揶揄され、新しい選挙区がサラマンダーのようだと揶揄されたことから、この言葉が生まれた。

gerrymander

gerrymander: [19] The story goes that in 1812 the governor of Massachusetts, Elbridge Gerry, instituted some electoral boundary changes favourable to his party, the Democrats. When a painter named Stuart saw these outlined on a map in the office of a newspaper editor, he remarked that the resulting area resembled a salamander in shape. ‘A gerrymander, you mean!’ replied the editor – and the term caught on for ‘unfair manipulation of constituency boundaries’.

gerrymander (v.)

1812, "arrange political divisions in disregard of natural boundaries so as to give one party an advantage in elections," also from 1812 as a noun, American English, from name of Elbridge Gerry + (sala)mander. Gerry, governor of Massachusetts, was lampooned when his party redistricted the state in a blatant bid to preserve an Antifederalist majority. One sprawling Essex County district resembled a salamander, and a newspaper editor dubbed it the Gerrymander. Related: Gerrymandered; gerrymandering.

[T]he division of this county into districts has given an opportunity for a Caracatura stamped at Boston and freely circulated here called the Gerrymander. The towns as they lie are disposed as parts of a monster whose feet and claws are Salem and Marblehead. It is one of those political tricks which have success as far as they go. [William Bentley, diary, April 2, 1812]

1. Another law will gerrymander parliament in its favor.

別の法律は、この政権が国会をコントロールしやすくする。