gnarled

• adj. [木材]節がある; 荒い; 節がある
• v.ねじれる；節が生える（gnarlの過去分詞）

子音クラスターgn, knot, lump, pimpleから、語源的にはknot, knollと同じ。

gnarled

gnarled: [17] Gnarled is essentially a 19thcentury word. It is recorded once before then, in Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure 1603 (‘Thy sharp and sulphurous bolt splits the unwedgable and gnarled oak’), but its modern currency is due to its adoption by early 19th-century romantic writers. It is probably a variant of knurled [17], itself a derivative of knur or knor ‘rough misshapen lump, as on a tree trunk’ [14], which is related to German knorren ‘knot, gnarled branch or trunk’.
=> knurled

gnarled (adj.)

c. 1600, probably a variant of knurled, from Middle English knar "knob, knot in wood" (late 14c.), earlier "a crag, twisted rock" (early 13c.), from a general group of Germanic words that includes English knob, knock, knuckle, knoll, knurl. Gnarl (v.) "make knotty," gnarl (n.) "a knotty growth on wood," and gnarly (adj.) all seem to owe their existence in modern English to Shakespeare's use of gnarled in 1603:

Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable and gnarled Oke. ["Measure for Measure," II.ii.116]

"(Gnarled) occurs in one passage of Shakes. (for which the sole authority is the folio of 1623), whence it came into general use in the nineteenth century" [OED].

1. The tree has gnarled red branches and deep green leaves.

この木の枝は多くの腫瘍をねじって赤く、葉は深い緑色である。

2.a gnarled old oak tree

多節腫のオーク

3.The fingers were gnarled ，lumpy，with long，curving nails suggestive of animal claws.指がざらざらしていて、関節が突き出ていて、爪が長くて曲がっていて、動物の爪を思い出させます。

4.His hands were gnarled with arthritis.

彼の両手は関節炎にかかってねじれ変形した。

5.Sailor as he was，it was easy enough for him to clamber up the gnarled trunk.

彼は水夫だが、このねじれた木の幹に登るのは簡単だ。