guest: [13] Guest comes ultimately from the same source as produced host. Their family tree diverged in prehistoric times, but their close relationship is pointed up by the fact that the related French h?te means both ‘guest’ and ‘host’. The common ancestor was Indo- European *ghostis ‘stranger’, whose Germanic descendant *gastiz produced German and Dutch gast, Swedish g?st, Danish g?st, and English guest.
The Old English version of the word was giest, which would have produced modern English *yest, but it was elbowed out in Middle English times by Old Norse gestr. The spelling gu-, indicating a hard /g/ sound, developed in the 16th century. => host, xenophobia
guest (n.)
Old English g?st, giest (Anglian gest) "an accidental guest, a chance comer, a stranger," from Proto-Germanic *gastiz (cognates: Old Frisian jest, Dutch gast, German Gast, Gothic gasts "guest," originally "stranger"), from PIE root *ghos-ti- "stranger, guest; host" (cognates: Latin hostis, in earlier use "a stranger," in classical use "an enemy," hospes "host," from *hosti-potis "host, guest," originally "lord of strangers;" Greek xenos "guest, host, stranger;" Old Church Slavonic gosti "guest, friend," gospodi "lord, master"); the root sense, according to Watkins, probably is "someone with whom one has reciprocal duties of hospitality," representing "a mutual exchange relationship highly important to ancient Indo-European society." But as strangers are potential enemies as well as guests, the word has a forked path.
Spelling evolution influenced by Old Norse cognate gestr (the usual sound changes from the Old English word would have yielded Modern English *yest). Meaning "person entertained for pay" (at an inn, etc.) is from late 13c. Old English also had cuma "stranger, guest," literally "a comer." Phrase be my guest in the sense of "go right ahead" first recorded 1955.
guest (v.)
early 14c., "receive as a guest;" 1610s, "be a guest;" 1936, American English, "appear as a guest performer," from guest (n.). Related: Guested; guesting.
例文
1. The duke was surprised by his wife 's omision from the guest list.
公爵は、夫人が招待客の列にいないことに驚いた。
2.Murray was a guest on a live radio show.
マレーは生放送のラジオ番組でゲストとして出演している。
3.The boy 's room is a complete contrast to the guest room.
この男の子の部屋は客室とは全く違います。
4.She has been deliberately left off the guest list.
彼女は故意にゲストリストから除外された。
5.Hospitality at the Presidential guest house was graciously declined.