hail

• n.万歳; 敬礼; あいさつ; 爆音
• vt.雹を降らせる; 雹を降らせる; 雹を降らせる...雹を降らせる；激しく雹を降らせる；雹を降らせる（過去形 hailed, 過去分詞 hailed, 現在分詞 hailing, 三人称単数 hails)
• vi.雹を降らせる；あられを降らせる
• 万歳；欢迎
• n.（アラブ語、チェコ語で）人の名前；（アラブ語、チェコ語で）万歳する

語源は古英語のhals, healthで、語源的にはholy, healthと同じ、つまり健康を祈る、hail, praiseの語源。中国語の hail、万歳と比較する。

古英語のhagol, hailに由来し、さらにPIE*kaghlo, 小さな石、小石、またはPIE*kel, coldに由来すると考えられ、語源的にはcold, glacierと同じ。

hail

hail: Not surprisingly, hail ‘frozen rain’ [OE] and hail ‘call out’ [12] are quite unrelated. The former, together with its German and Dutch relative hagel, comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *hagalaz, which is related ultimately to Greek kákhlēx ‘pebble’. The verb hail is closely related to hale and whole. It comes from the noun hail, which in turn was a nominal use of the now obsolete adjective hail ‘healthy’ (preserved in wassail, literally ‘be healthy’). This was borrowed from heill, the Old Norse counterpart of English whole.
=> hale, wassail, whole

hail (interj.)

salutation in greeting, c. 1200, from Old Norse heill "health, prosperity, good luck," or a similar Scandinavian source, and in part from Old English shortening of w?s h?il "be healthy" (see health; and compare wassail).

The interj. hail is thus an abbreviated sentence expressing a wish, 'be whole,' i. e., be in good health, and equiv. to L. salve, plural salvete, or ave, plural avete .... [Century Dictionary]

hail (n.)

"frozen rain, pellets of ice falling in showers," Old English h?gl, hagol (Mercian hegel) "hail, hailstorm," also the name of the rune for H, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz (cognates: Old Frisian heil, Old Saxon, Old High German hagal, Old Norse hagl, German Hagel "hail"), probably from PIE *kaghlo- "pebble" (cognates: Greek kakhlex "round pebble").

hail (v.1)

"to greet or address with 'hail!,'" also "to drink toasts," c. 1200, heilen; to call to from a distance," 1560s (in this sense originally nautical), from hail (interj.). Related: Hailed; hailing. Hail fellow well met is from 1580s as a descriptive adjective, from a familiar greeting; hail fellow (adj.) "overly familiar" is from 1570s. Hail Mary (c. 1300) is the angelic salutation (Latin ave Maria) in Luke i:58, used as a devotional recitation. As a desperation play in U.S. football, attested by 1940. To hail from is 1841, originally nautical. "Hail, Columbia," the popular patriotic song, also was a euphemism for "hell" in American English slang from c. 1850-1910.

hail (v.2)

Old English hagalian "to fall as hail," from root of hail (n.). Related: Hailed; hailing. Figurative use from mid-15c.

1. The victim was hit by a hail of bullets.

被害者は弾雨に打たれた。

2.This a film which seems to hail from the hippie era.

ヒッピー時代の映画のように見えます。

3. Hail to the new champion Bengali D 'Albret.新科チャンピオンのベン?ジャリ?ダアルブレイに敬意を表した。

4.I hail from Brighton.

ブライトン出身です。

5.I hurried away to hail a taxi.

急いでタクシーを呼びに行きます。