holocaust

• n. 虐殺、破壊

holo-「全体」、-caust「焼く」、語源的にはcaustic「苛性」、cauterise「焼灼」と同じ。

holocaust

holocaust: [13] Etymologically, a holocaust is a ‘complete burning’, and the word was originally used in English for a ‘burnt offering’, a ‘sacrifice completely consumed by fire’ (Mark 12, 33, ‘more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices’ in the Authorized Version, was translated by William Tindale in 1526 as ‘a greater thing than all holocausts and sacrifices’).

It comes via Old French and Latin from Greek holókauston, a compound formed from hólos ‘whole’ (as in English holograph [17] and holism [20], a coinage of the South African statesman Jan Smuts) and kaustós, a relative of Greek kaúein ‘burn’ (from which English gets caustic [14] and cauterize [14]). John Milton was the first English writer to use the word in the wider sense ‘complete destruction by fire’, in the late 17th century, and in the succeeding centuries several precedents were set for its modern application to ‘nuclear destruction’ and ‘mass murder’ – Bishop Ken, for instance, wrote in 1711 ‘Should general Flame this World consume … An Holocaust for Fontal Sin’, and Leitch Ritchie in Wanderings by the Loire 1833 refers to Louis VII making ‘a holocaust of thirteen hundred persons in a church’.
=> caustic, cauterize, holism

holocaust (n.)

mid-13c., "sacrifice by fire, burnt offering," from Greek holokauston "a thing wholly burnt," neuter of holokaustos "burned whole," from holos "whole" (see holo-) + kaustos, verbal adjective of kaiein "to burn." Originally a Bible word for "burnt offerings," given wider sense of "massacre, destruction of a large number of persons" from 1833. The Holocaust "Nazi genocide of European Jews in World War II," first recorded 1957, earlier known in Hebrew as Shoah "catastrophe." The word itself was used in English in reference to Hitler's Jewish policies from 1942, but not as a proper name for them.

Auschwitz makes all too clear the principle that the human psyche can create meaning out of anything. [Robert Jay Lifton, "The Nazi Doctors"]

1. The Auschwitz concentration camp always remind the world of the holocaust .

オシンウィッツ収容所はいつも人々に大虐殺を思い出させる。

2.Viewing this holocaust ，they gave up any hope of living.

この奇妙な光景を見て、みんなは自分の運命に少しも疑問を持ってはいけない。

漢英文学-家（1-26）-家（1-26）

3.A nuclear holocaust seemed a very real possibility in the 1950 s.

核災害は1950年代に本当に起こりうるようだ。

4.It is unthinkable that we shallow a nuclear holocaust to occur.

核兵器大虐殺の惨劇を起こせば、私たちはまったく不思議なことだ。

5.A nuclear holocaust seemed a very real possibility in the '50 s.

核災害は1950年代に本当に起こりうるようだ。