hostage

• n.人質、担保

古フランス語のhostage、guest、担保としての人質、ラテン語のhospes、guestから、PIE*ghostis、部外者、よそ者、語源的にはguestと同じ。

hostage

hostage: [13] Despite its similarity, hostage is not related to any of the English words host. It comes via Old French hostage from *obsidāticum, a Vulgar Latin derivative of late Latin obsidātus ‘condition of being held as a security for the fulfilment of an undertaking’. This is turn was based on Latin obses ‘hostage’, a compound noun formed from the prefix ob- ‘before’ and the base of sedēre ‘sit’ (English obsess [16] is made up of virtually the same elements). The use of hostage for the ‘person held’ was established before English took it over.
=> obsess

hostage (n.)

late 13c., from Old French hostage "person given as security or hostage" (12c., Modern French ?tage), either from hoste "guest" (see host (n.1)) via notion of "a lodger held by a landlord as security," or from Late Latin obsidanus "condition of being held as security," from obses "hostage," from ob- "before" + base of sedere "to sit" [OED]. Modern political/terrorism sense is from 1970.

1. The class was held hostage by a hooded gunman.

クラス全員が覆面をした銃を持った悪党に人質に取られた。

2.The hostage release could clear the decks for war.

人質の解放は戦争を起こして障害を取り除く可能性がある。

3.The reporting of the hostage story was fair,if sometimes overblown.

人質に関する記事は大げさだが、まだ公正だ。

4.The former hostage is in remarkably good shape considering his ordeal.

人質が受けた苦しみを思えば、救助された後の体の状態は驚くほどよくなった。

5.There are conflicting reports about the identity of the hostage .

人質の身元に関する報道は矛盾している。