junk

• n. ゴミ、屑; サンパン
• n.(ジャンク)人名；（ドイツ語、チェコ語）ユンカー

中英語のjunke、船の古いケーブルやロープ、おそらく古フランス語のjuncから、ラテン語のjuncus、reed、corduroyに由来し、語源的にはjunketと同じ。

ポルトガル語のjuncoから、マレー語のjong、ボート、大型船、最終的には中国語のchuan、船から。

junk (n.1)

"worthless stuff," mid-14c., junke "old cable or rope" (nautical), of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old French junc "rush, reed," also used figuratively as a type of something of little value, from Latin iuncus "rush, reed" (but OED finds "no evidence of connexion"). Nautical use extended to "old refuse from boats and ships" (1842), then to "old or discarded articles of any kind" (1884). Junk food is from 1971; junk art is from 1966; junk mail first attested 1954.

junk (n.2)

"Chinese sailing ship," 1610s, from Portuguese junco, from Malay jong "ship, large boat" (13c.), probably from Javanese djong.

junk (v.)

1803, "to cut off in lumps," from junk (n.1). The meaning "to throw away as trash, to scrap" is from 1908. Related: Junked; junking.

New settlers (who should always be here as early in the spring as possible) begin to cut down the wood where they intend to erect their first house. As the trees are cut the branches are to be lopped off, and the trunks cut into lengths of 12 or 14 feet. This operation they call junking them; if they are not junked before fire is applied, they are much worse to junk afterwards. [letter dated Charlotte Town, Nov. 29, 1820, in "A Series of Letters Descriptive of Prince Edward Island," 1822]

1. The truth is that junk bonds were misnamed，and therefore misunderstood.

実際にジャンク債の呼称に誤りがあったため、誤解が生じた。

2.The junk market has been unsettled for the past seven months.

過去7カ月間、廃棄物市場は変動していた。

3.There was no mail except the usual junk addressed to the occupier.

所有者宛の一般的なスパム以外のメールはありません。

4.Rose finds her furniture in junk shops.

ローズは中古店から家具を買ってきた。

5.I 've cleared out all that old junk in the attic.

屋根裏部屋のすべての古物をきれいにしました。