ketchup

• n. ケチャップ

ケチャップの語源については異論があるが、通常はマレー語のキチャップ（kicap）が語源で、中国のミン南語で魚醤の一種である鮭汁（ke-chiap）が語源と考えられている。ケチャップがヨーロッパに伝わった際、レシピが多様化し、トマトが主原料となったため、ケチャップという言葉に進化した。

ketchup

ketchup: [17] Ketchup is a Chinese word in origin. In the Amoy dialect of southeastern China, k?echiap means ‘brine of fish’. It was acquired by English, probably via Malay kichap, towards the end of the 17th century, when it was usually spelled catchup (the New Dictionary of the Canting Crew 1690 defines it as ‘a high East- India Sauce’). Shortly afterwards the spelling catsup came into vogue (Jonathan Swift is the first on record as using it, in 1730), and it remains the main form in American English. But in Britain ketchup has gradually established itself since the early 18th century.

ketchup (n.)

1711, said to be from Malay kichap, but probably not original to Malay. It might have come from Chinese koechiap "brine of fish," which, if authentic, perhaps is from the Chinese community in northern Vietnam [Terrien de Lacouperie, in "Babylonian and Oriental Record," 1889, 1890]. Catsup (earlier catchup, 1680s) is a failed attempt at Englishing, still in use in U.S., influenced by cat and sup.

Originally a fish sauce, the word came to be used in English for a wide variety of spiced gravies and sauces; "Apicius Redivivus; or, the Cook's Oracle," by William Kitchiner, London, 1817, devotes 7 pages to recipes for different types of catsup (his book has 1 spelling of ketchup, 72 of catsup), including walnut, mushroom, oyster, cockle and mussel, tomata, white (vinegar and anchovies figure in it), cucumber, and pudding catsup. Chambers's Encyclopaedia (1870) lists mushroom, walnut, and tomato ketchup as "the three most esteemed kinds." Tomato ketchup emerged c. 1800 in U.S. and predominated from early 20c.

1. There 's a spot of ketchop on the tablecloth.

テーブルクロスにケチャップのシミが少し付いている.

2.And we 're bringing the ketchop ，mustard，relish all that stuff.

ケチャップ、マスタード、ドレッシング、なども持っていきます。

3.And，oh，does anybody want ketchop ？

おお、ケチャップ欲しい人いる？

4.Don 't forget to buy me some ketchup on your way back.

帰り道にケチャップを買ってくるのを忘れないで。

5.Would you give me some ketchup and chili sauce？

ケチャップとコチュジャンをください。