英単語

knightの意味・使い方・発音

knight

英 [naɪt] 美 [naɪt]
  • n. 騎士、戦士; ナイト爵位
  • vt.爵位を授与する
  • n.(騎士)人名;(英)ナイト

語源


騎士。

古英語の cniht, lad, young man, waiter から。原語ゲルマン語の *knehtaz, little boy, servant に由来し、PIE*gen, to press, squeeze, form into a ball, knob, knave と語源は同じ。爵位と騎士の称号は16世紀に使用された。

英語の語源


knight
knight: [OE] The word knight has come up in the world over the centuries. In the Old English period it simply meant ‘boy’ or ‘young man’. By the 10th century it had broadened out to ‘male servant’, and within a hundred years of that we find it being used for ‘military servant, soldier’. This is the general level or ‘rank’ at which the word’s continental relatives, German and Dutch knecht, have remained.

But in England, in the course of the early Middle Ages, knight came to denote, in the feudal system, ‘one who bore arms in return for land’, and later ‘one raised to noble rank in return for military service’. The modern notion of knighthood as a rung in the nobility, without any necessary connotations of military prowess, dates from the 16th century.

knight (n.)
Old English cniht "boy, youth; servant, attendant," common West Germanic (cognates: Old Frisian kniucht, Dutch knecht, Middle High German kneht "boy, youth, lad," German Knecht "servant, bondman, vassal"), of unknown origin. The plural in Middle English sometimes was knighten. Meaning "military follower of a king or other superior" is from c. 1100. Began to be used in a specific military sense in Hundred Years War, and gradually rose in importance until it became a rank in the nobility 16c. The chess piece so called from mid-15c. Knight in shining armor in figurative sense is from 1917, from the man who rescues the damsel in distress in romantic dramas (perhaps especially "Lohengrin"). Knights of Columbus, society of Catholic men, founded 1882 in New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.; Knights of Labor, trade union association, founded in Philadelphia, 1869; Knights of Pythias, secret order, founded in Washington, 1864.
knight (v.)
"to make a knight of (someone)," early 13c., from knight (n.). Related: Knighted; knighting.

例文


1. Mr Knight said that he had resigned for personal reasons.
ナイト氏は、個人的な理由で辞任したと述べた。

2.This collection of essays is edited by Ellen Knight .
この文集はエレン?ナイトによって編集された。

3.a medieval ballad about a knight and a lady

騎士や貴族のお嬢さんに関する中世の謡曲


4.The knight carried a shield with a cross painted thereupon.
騎士は十字が描かれた盾を持っている。

5. Knight was the top title for field soldiers during the Midle Ages.
ヨーロッパ中世期、騎士は歩兵の中で最高の肩書きだった。

頭文字