lake

• n. 湖；紅色顔料；カルミン
• vt.血球を溶かす。
• vi.
• n. （湖）人の名前；（ドイツ語、セルビア語、スウェーデン語）ヒバリ；（英語）湖

ラテン語のlacus（湖、池）から、PIE *laku（滴る、浸透する）に由来し、語源的にはleak（漏水）、loch（湖）、lough（湖）と同じ。

lake

lake: English has two words lake. The one meaning ‘body of water’ [13] comes via Old French lac from Latin lacus. This goes back to the same prehistoric source as produced Gaelic loch (acquired by English in the 14th century) and Latin lacūna ‘hole, pit, pool’ (from which English got lacuna [17] and, via Italian or Spanish, lagoon [17]); this seems to have denoted ‘hole, basin’, the notion of ‘water-filled hole’ being a secondary development. Lake the colour [17], now usually encountered only in crimson lake, is a variant of lac, a term for a reddish resin or dye that comes via Dutch or French from Hindi lākh, and forms the second syllable of English shellac.

Its ultimate source is Sanskrit lākshā. Lacquer [16] comes via early modern French lacre ‘sealingwax’ from laca, the Portuguese version of lac.
=> lacuna, lagoon; lacquer, shellac

lake (n.1)

"body of water," early 12c., from Old French lack and directly from Latin lacus "pond, lake," also "basin, tank," related to lacuna "hole, pit," from PIE *laku- (cognates: Greek lakkos "pit, tank, pond," Old Church Slavonic loky "pool, puddle, cistern," Old Irish loch "lake, pond"). The common notion is "basin." There was a Germanic form of the word, which yielded cognate Old Norse l?gr "sea flood, water," Old English lacu "stream," lagu "sea flood, water," leccan "to moisten" (see leak (v.)). In Middle English, lake, as a descendant of the Old English word, also could mean "stream; river gully; ditch; marsh; grave; pit of hell," and this might have influenced the form of the borrowed word. The North American Great Lakes so called from 1660s.

lake (n.2)

"deep red coloring matter," 1610s, from French laque (see lac), from which it was obtained.

1. He tramped hurriedly round the lake towards the garden.

彼は急いで重い足取りで湖を迂回して花園に向かった。

2.The water level in Lake Taihu has reached record levels.

太湖水位が過去最高値に達した。

3.A blizzard was blasting great drifts of snow across the lake .

吹雪が大きな雪を挟んで湖面を吹き抜けている。

4.There was swimming and sailing down on the lake .

湖で泳いだり帆を上げたりする人がいます。

5.The view of lake and plunging cliffs seduces visitors.

湖光が高く、絶壁が高く、観光客たちは深く引きつけられた。