ラテン語のlectus, bed, couchから、PIE*legh, to lieに由来し、語源的にはlieと同じ。 原義はbed, folding-bed, stretcher, litterで、後にbedを作る藁のマットレス、草、猫の砂、子猫の砂を指すようになり、現在では雑草、散らかったもの、ゴミという語彙的な意味で使われる。latte,lettuceとスペルを比較する。
英語の語源
litter
litter: [13] The word litter has come a long way semantically since it was born, from ‘bed’ to ‘rubbish scattered untidily’. It goes back ultimately to Latin lectus ‘bed’, a distant relative of English lie and source of French lit ‘bed’ (which forms the final syllable of English coverlet [13], etymologically ‘bed-cover’). From lectus was derived medieval Latin lectāria, which passed into English via Old French litiere and Anglo-Norman litere ‘bed’.
This original sense was soon extended in English to a ‘portable conveyance or stretcher’, which still survives, just, as an archaism, but the word’s main modern sense, which first emerged fully in the 18th century, derives from the notion of scattering straw over the floor for bedding. => coverlet
litter (n.)
c. 1300, "a bed," also "bed-like vehicle carried on men's shoulders" (early 14c.), from Anglo-French litere "portable bed," Old French litiere "litter, stretcher, bier; straw, bedding," from Medieval Latin lectaria "litter" (altered in French by influence of lit "bed"), from Latin lectus "bed, couch," from PIE *legh-to-, from root *legh- "to lie" (see lie (v.2)).
Meaning extended early 15c. to "straw used for bedding" (early 14c. in Anglo-French) and late 15c. to "offspring of an animal at one birth" (in one bed); sense of "scattered oddments, disorderly debris" is first attested 1730, probably from Middle English verb literen "provide with bedding" (late 14c.), with notion of strewing straw. Litter by 19c. had come to mean both the straw bedding and the animal waste in it after use.
litter (v.)
late 14c., "provide with bedding," from litter (n.). Meaning "to strew with objects" is from 1713. Transitive sense of "to scatter in a disorderly way" is from 1731. Related: Littered; littering.
例文
1. On Wednesday we cleared a beach and woodland of litter .
水曜日に海浜林地のゴミを片付けました。
2.Animals reject the runt of the litter .
動物は最も弱い赤ちゃんを捨てる。
3.Wear rubber gloves when handling cat litter .
猫の糞を掃除するときはゴム手袋を持っていきます。
4.There will be fines for people who drop litter .