PIE *leikwの「残す、置き去りにする」から。語源的にはdelinquent、derelict、relinquishと同じ。後にlend、loan、lendという単語が派生した。
英語の語源
loan
loan: [13] Old English had a noun l?n, a close relative of the verb l?nan (precursor of modern English lend). It meant ‘gift’, but it died out before the Middle English period, and was replaced by the related Old Norse lán, which has become modern English loan. Both go back ultimately to prehistoric Indo-European *loiq-, *leiq-, *liq-, which also produced Greek leípein ‘leave’ (source of English ellipse) and Latin linquere ‘leave’ (source of English delinquent, relic, and relinquish). => delinquent, lend, relic, relinquish
loan (n.)
mid-13c., from Old Norse lan, related to lja "to lend," from Proto-Germanic *laikhwniz (cognates: Old Frisian len "thing lent," Middle Dutch lene, Dutch leen "loan, fief," Old High German lehan, German Lehn "fief, feudal tenure"), originally "to let have, to leave (to someone)," from PIE *leikw- "to leave" (see relinquish).
The Norse word also is cognate with Old English l?n "gift," which did not survive into Middle English, but its derived verb l?nan is the source of lend. As a verb, loan is attested from 1540s, perhaps earlier, and formerly was current, but has now been supplanted in England by lend, though it survives in American English.
Loan word (1874) is a translation of German Lehnwort; loan-translation is attested 1933, from German Lehnübersetzung. Slang loan shark first attested 1900.
例文
1. Now is the time to touch him for a loan .
今は彼にお金を借りる時だ。
2.The President is also expected to request a rescheduling of loan repayments.
大統領は借金返済期限の延長も要求する見通しだ。
3.Frankly，Thomas，this question of your loan is beginning to worry me.
正直に言うと、トーマス、あなたのローンの問題が心配になってきました。
4.The survey claims loan companies prey on weak families already in debt.
この調査では、クレジット会社はすでに負債を抱えている弱い家庭に手を出していると主張している。
5. He was declared bankrupt after failing to pay a ￡114m loan guarantee.