lung

• n. 肺；呼吸器
• n.（肺）人の名前；（ベトナムの）Lung；（羅、セルビア語、ハンガリー語、スウェーデン語、ドイツ語の）Leng

古英語のlungen（複数形）、lungsから。語源はPIE *legwh、light、levityと同じ。 肺は心臓や胃など他の内臓よりも軽く、水に浮くことができることから名付けられた。

lung

lung: [OE] Lungs, insubstantial air-filled sacs, got their name because they weigh so little. It comes ultimately from Indo-European *lnggh-, a variant of which produced English light ‘not heavy’. In prehistoric Germanic this became *lungg-, which over the centuries has differentiated to German lunge, Dutch long, Swedish lunga, and English lung. The similarly motivated use of the word lights for ‘lungs’ dates from the 12th century; it is now restricted to ‘animals’ lungs used as food’, but it was formerly a general term.
=> light

lung (n.)

"human respiratory organ," c. 1300, from Old English lungen (plural), from Proto-Germanic *lungw- (cognates: Old Norse lunge, Old Frisian lungen, Middle Dutch longhe, Dutch long, Old High German lungun, German lunge "lung"), literally "the light organ," from PIE *legwh- "not heavy, having little weight; easy, agile, nimble" (cognates: Russian l?gkij, Polish lekki "light;" Russian l?gkoje "lung," Greek elaphros "light" in weight; see also lever).

The notion probably is from the fact that, when thrown into a pot of water, lungs of a slaughtered animal float, while the heart, liver, etc., do not. Compare also Portuguese leve "lung," from Latin levis "light;" Irish scaman "lungs," from scaman "light;" Welsh ysgyfaint "lungs," from ysgafn "light." See also lights, pulmonary. Lung cancer attested from 1882.

1. 10,000 deaths a year from chronic lung disease are attributable to smoking.

喫煙により、毎年1万人が慢性肺疾患で死亡している。

2. Lung cells die and are replaced about once a week.

肺細胞は約1週間に1回新旧が入れ替わる。

3.He was rushed to hospital last week after suffering a collapsed lung .

先週、肺萎縮のため病院に運ばれた。

4.There is an acknowledged risk of lung cancer from radon.

アルゴンは肺癌を誘発する危険性があると考えられている。

5.He was born with only one lung .

彼は生まれてから肺が1葉しかない。