martinet
英 [,mɑːtɪ'net]
美 [,mɑrtn'ɛt]
- n. 厳しい規律を強制する人
- n. （マルティネ）人の名前；（仏）マルティネ；（英?独）マルティネット
語源
martinet 規律のある人。17世紀フランスの中佐、ジャン?マルティネは、その厳しい訓練が評判となり、規律の代名詞となった。この名前は文字通り火星を意味する。
英語の語源
- martinet
- martinet: [17] The word martinet comes from the name of Jean Martinet, a 17th-century French army officer who invented a system of drill. Indeed, it was as the term for this new drill that martinet was first used in English (‘What, d’ye find fault with Martinet? … ’tis the best exercise in the World’, William Wycherley, The Plain-Dealer 1676); not until the 18th century did the figurative sense ‘rigid disciplinarian’ emerge.
- martinet (n.)
- 1670s, "system of strict discipline," from the name of Jean Martinet (killed at siege of Duisburg, 1672), lieutenant colonel in the Régiment du Roi, who in 1668 was appointed inspector general of the infantry. "It was his responsibility to introduce and enforce the drill and strict discipline of the French regiment of Guards across the whole infantry." [Olaf van Minwegen, "The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions 1588-1688," 2006] The meaning "an officer who is a stickler for strict discipline" is first attested 1779 in English. The surname is a diminutive of Latin Martinus (see Martin).
例文
- 1. He 's a retiread Lieutenant Colonel and a bit of a martinet .
- 彼は退役中佐で、少し軍人風がある。
- 2.They discover that the new teacher is a martinet .
- 彼らは新しく来た先生が非常に厳しいことに気づいた。
- 3.Our dean is an understanding counselor，not a martinet .
- 私たちの教務長は、厳格な規律を実行する者ではなく、人の意を理解する良い顧問です。
- 4.Thomson，A.J.and A.V. Martinet .1986.A Practical English Grammar.Oxford University Press.
- 全建強：『高級英語文法詳細解』、安徽教育出版社、2001年.
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