murder: [OE] The ultimate source of murder is the Indo-European base *mor-, *mr- ‘die’ (source also of English mortal). Its extension *mrt- produced a prehistoric Germanic *mortam (source of German, Swedish, and Danish mord and Dutch moord ‘murder’) and *murthram, from which comes English murder. => mortal
murder (n.)
c. 1300, murdre, from Old English moreor (plural mortras) "secret killing of a person, unlawful killing," also "mortal sin, crime; punishment, torment, misery," from Proto-Germanic *murthra- (cognates: Goth maurtr, and, from a variant form of the same root, Old Saxon morth, Old Frisian morth, Old Norse more, Middle Dutch moort, Dutch moord, German Mord "murder"), from PIE *mrtro-, from root *mer- "to die" (see mortal (adj.)). The spelling with -d- probably reflects influence of Anglo-French murdre, from Old French mordre, from Medieval Latin murdrum, from the Germanic root.
Viking custom, typical of Germanic, distinguished more (Old Norse) "secret slaughter," from vig (Old Norse) "slaying." The former involved concealment, or slaying a man by night or when asleep, and was a heinous crime. The latter was not a disgrace, if the killer acknowledged his deed, but he was subject to vengeance or demand for compensation.
Mordre wol out that se we day by day. [Chaucer, "Nun's Priest's Tale," c. 1386]
Weakened sense of "very unpleasant situation" is from 1878.
murder (v.)
Old English myrerian, from Proto-Germanic *murthjan (cognates: Old High German murdran, German m?rdren, Gothic maurtjan; see murder (n.)). Related: Murdered; murdering.
例文
1. At the entry for "kill "，my thesaurus lists " murder "，"assassinate "and "waste ".
私の類義語辞書はkillエントリに murder ，assassinate，wasteエントリ.
2.13 men have been questioned in connection with the murder .
13人の男が殺人事件で尋問された。
3.She denied the murder of four children who were in her care.
彼女は世話をしていた4人の子供を殺害したことを否定した。
4.Mr Farmer and Mrs Jones both admitted conspiring to murder her husband.
ファマー氏とジョーンズ夫人は、共謀してジョーンズ氏を殺したことを認めている。
5.I know of no one who would want to murder Albert.