owe

• vt.借りがある；感謝している；期限がある；与えられるべきである；............に入金されるべきである。
• vi. お金を借りる
• n. （スウェーデン語、ノルウェー語）オーファー

古英語のagan「持つ」「所有する」から。原語ゲルマン語*aigan「所有する」から。PIE*aik「支配する」「管理する」が語源で、語源的にはoeugh「所有する」と同じ。そのためownとは語彙的に異なる。

owe

owe: [OE] Owe goes back to a prehistoric Indo- European base *oik-, *ik- denoting ‘possession’. Its Germanic descendant *aig- produced a range of ‘possession’-verbs, none of which now survives except Swedish ?ga, Danish eie, and English owe. In the Old English period this meant ‘possess’, but that sense was gradually taken over by the related own, and owe developed in the 12th century to ‘have to repay’. A more general notion of ‘obligation’ also emerged, which is now restricted to ought, originally the past tense of owe.
=> ought, own

owe (v.)

Old English agan (past tense ahte) "to have, own," from Proto-Germanic *aigan "to possess" (cognates: Old Frisian aga, Old Norse eiga, Old High German eigan, Gothic aigan "to possess, have"), from PIE *aik- "to be master of, possess" (cognates: Sanskrit ise "he owns," isah "owner, lord, ruler;" Avestan is- "riches," isvan- "well-off, rich").

Sense of "to have to repay" began in late Old English with the phrase agan to geldanne literally "to own to yield," which was used to translate Latin debere (earlier in Old English this would have been sceal "shall"); by late 12c. the phrase had been shortened to simply agan, and own (v.) took over this word's original sense.

An original Germanic preterite-present verb (along with can (v.1), dare, may, etc.). New past tense form owed arose 15c. to replace oughte, which developed into ought (v.).

1. I 'm broke，Livy，and I owe a couple of million dollars.

私は破産しました、莉薇、そして私は何百万ドルも借金をしています。

2.I owe a big debt of gratitude to her.

私は彼女にとても感謝しています。

3.You owe a certain person a sum of money.

誰かに借りがある。

4.85 percent of all American households owe money on mortgages.

85%の米国家庭は住宅ローン債務を抱えている。

5.You owe it to yourself to get some professional help.

あなたは自分のためにプロの助けを求めるべきです。